Amancio Camila Trolez, Nascimento Luiz Fernando Costa
Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2014 May-Jun;89(3):442-6. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142722.
Cutaneous melanoma is a skin cancer with low incidence but high mortality rates. Several factors are associated with increased risk of melanoma, such as excessive sun exposure, fair skin, and family history, among others. Little is known about the spatial distribution of this cancer in Brazil.
To identify, through the use of geostatistical tools, spatial clusters of municipalities in the state of São Paulo based on their incidence of cutaneous melanoma.
This was an ecological and exploratory study of data on new cases obtained from Fundação Oncocentro for the period 1 January 2006-31 December 2011. Cases were separated by gender and rates per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated and used to compile thematic maps, Moran maps and kernel maps, using TerraView software.
There were 3,172 new cases of cutaneous melanoma in the study period. High rates were identified in the North, Northwest, Southwest, and Southeast regions of São Paulo state. Global Moran's I values were statistically significant (p<0.05) at 0.12, 0.08, and 0.16, respectively, for males, females, and all cases. Areas such as the Southeast, North, and Northwest of São Paulo were identified as being of high priority for intervention.
Spatial clusters of municipalities with high incidence rates of cutaneous melanoma in the state of São Paulo were identified. These data can serve as an important input for public health agencies.
皮肤黑色素瘤是一种发病率低但死亡率高的皮肤癌。有几个因素与黑色素瘤风险增加相关，如过度日晒、白皙皮肤和家族病史等。关于这种癌症在巴西的空间分布知之甚少。
通过使用地理统计工具，基于圣保罗州各市皮肤黑色素瘤的发病率确定空间聚集区。
这是一项对2006年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间从肿瘤中心基金会获取的新病例数据进行的生态探索性研究。病例按性别分开，计算每10万居民的发病率，并使用TerraView软件编制专题地图、莫兰地图和核密度地图。
研究期间有3172例皮肤黑色素瘤新病例。在圣保罗州的北部、西北部、西南部和东南部地区发现了高发病率。男性、女性和所有病例的全局莫兰指数值分别为0.12、0.08和0.16，具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。圣保罗的东南部、北部和西北部等地区被确定为干预的高度优先区域。
确定了圣保罗州皮肤黑色素瘤高发病率的各市空间聚集区。这些数据可为公共卫生机构提供重要参考。
