在尼日利亚南部的卡拉巴尔，狗肉消费助长的流浪狗交易成为狂犬病感染的一个风险因素。
Stray dog trade fuelled by dog meat consumption as a risk factor for rabies infection in Calabar, southern Nigeria.
作者信息
Ekanem E E, Eyong K I, Philip-Ephraim E E, Eyong M E, Adams E B, Asindi A A
机构信息
Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2013 Dec;13(4):1170-3. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v13i4.44.
BACKGROUND
Rabies is a preventable zoonosis with the highest case fatality of any disease in the world. In the developing world, it is transmitted mainly by dog bites. In parts of southern Nigeria, dog meat is a delicacy.
OBJECTIVE
To highlight trade in stray dogs as a major risk factor for rabies in animals and humans in south-south Nigeria.
METHOD
Patients admitted into the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) with a diagnosis of rabies between July and October 2012 were analysed for risk factors, post exposure prophylaxis (PEP), health seeking behaviour and outcome. Focused group interview were also conducted among traders/handlers of stray dogs.
RESULTS
Ten cases of rabies in subjects aged 3 to 52 years were recorded in these five months period. Eight of the cases were male and apparently got infected directly or indirectly through the trade in stray dogs for human consumption. None had proper PEP and all patients died.
CONCLUSION
Stray dog trade, fuelled by eating of dog meat, is a risk factor for human and animal rabies in Calabar, southern Nigeria. Culling of stray dogs, control of stray dogs' trade and public enlightenment on PEP is recommended.
背景
狂犬病是一种可预防的人畜共患病，是世界上所有疾病中病死率最高的。在发展中世界，它主要通过狗咬伤传播。在尼日利亚南部部分地区，狗肉是一种美味佳肴。
目的
强调流浪狗交易是尼日利亚西南部动物和人类感染狂犬病的主要危险因素。
方法
对2012年7月至10月间入住卡拉巴尔大学教学医院（UCTH）且诊断为狂犬病的患者进行危险因素、暴露后预防（PEP）、就医行为及转归分析。还对流浪狗交易商/ handlers进行了焦点小组访谈。
结果
在这五个月期间记录了10例年龄在3至52岁之间的狂犬病病例。其中8例为男性，显然是直接或间接通过将流浪狗交易供人食用而感染。无人接受适当的PEP，所有患者均死亡。
结论
受食用狗肉驱使的流浪狗交易是尼日利亚南部卡拉巴尔地区人类和动物感染狂犬病的危险因素。建议扑杀流浪狗、控制流浪狗交易并对公众进行暴露后预防宣传。
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