Centre Antipoison - Toxicovigilance, CHU Angers , Angers Cedex 9 , France.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014 Jul;52(6):625-8. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2014.923905.
Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) is an edible mushroom which was initially grown in Japan and China and is now sold on the European market. Flagellate erythema may arise following shiitake consumption and was first described in Japan in 1974.
This paper reports a French shiitake dermatitis case series.
The findings of retrospective study of shiitake dermatitis cases, reported to French Poison Control Centres (PCC) from January 2000 to December 2013, are reported.
Among 32 exposed patients, 15 presented flagellate urticarial lesions after raw shiitake consumption. The first case of this series was reported in 2006 and the last nine cases were reported as of 2012. After shared meals, no symptoms were reported among guests, who preferred cooked shiitake to the raw mushroom. In this series, rashes appeared 12 h to 5 days (median: 24 h) after raw shiitake ingestion. Linear and itchy urticarial lesions formed on the trunk, arms, and legs within a few hours and persisted for 3-21 days. In four cases, rash and pruritus were either triggered or worsened by sun exposure. Eleven patients received corticosteroids, antihistamines, or both. All patients completely recovered.
Due to the rapidly increasing consumption of exotic food in Western countries, it is no surprise that cases of shiitake dermatitis are now appearing in Europe. The mechanism of shiitake dermatitis is thought to be toxic and due to lentinan, a polysaccharide component of the mushroom. There is no specific validated treatment for shiitake dermatitis. Health professionals and the general population should be aware of both the risk associated with raw shiitake consumption and of the good prognosis of this very spectacular and uncomfortable toxic dermatitis.
香菇（Lentinula edodes）是一种可食用的蘑菇，最初生长在日本和中国，现在已在欧洲市场上销售。食用香菇后可能会出现鞭毛状红斑，这种情况于 1974 年在日本首次描述。
本文报告了一系列法国香菇性皮炎病例。
报告了 2000 年 1 月至 2013 年 12 月期间向法国中毒控制中心报告的香菇性皮炎病例的回顾性研究结果。
在 32 名暴露患者中，有 15 名在食用生香菇后出现鞭毛性荨麻疹样皮损。本系列中的首例病例报告于 2006 年，最后 9 例报告于 2012 年。在共用餐后，食用熟香菇的客人未出现任何症状。在本系列中，皮疹在食用生香菇后 12 小时至 5 天（中位数：24 小时）出现。线性和瘙痒性荨麻疹样皮损在数小时内出现在躯干、手臂和腿部，持续 3-21 天。在 4 例中，皮疹和瘙痒因阳光照射而加重或恶化。11 例患者接受了皮质类固醇、抗组胺药或两者联合治疗。所有患者均完全康复。
由于西方国家对异国食品的消费迅速增加，香菇性皮炎病例现在出现在欧洲也就不足为奇了。香菇性皮炎的发病机制被认为是有毒的，与蘑菇的多糖成分香菇多糖有关。目前尚无针对香菇性皮炎的特异性有效治疗方法。卫生专业人员和公众都应意识到食用生香菇的风险，以及这种非常壮观和不适的毒性皮炎的良好预后。
