Chrysant S G, Chrysant G S
Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Hypertension Center, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Department of Cardiology, INTEGRIS Baptist Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
J Hum Hypertens. 2015 Feb;29(2):71-6. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2014.47. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
The energy drinks (ED) are caffeinated beverages that are popular among teenagers and young adults. They are aggressively marketed as providing alertness, energy and sex prowess. The EDs in addition to caffeine contain several plant stimulants and simple sugars, which increase their caloric content. The caffeine concentration in these drinks is high and their overconsumption could lead to insomnia, agitation, tremors and cardiovascular complications including sudden death. Alcohol is often mixed with EDs (AMEDs) in the wrong perception that the caffeine in the EDs will prevent the drowsiness and sleepiness from alcohol and allow the person to consume more alcohol. This false perception, could lead to alcohol intoxication and the taking of risky decisions, like driving under the influence of alcohol and the risk of serious physical harm to themselves and others. To prevent the problem of consumption of EDs and AMEDs, the caring physician could help by advising the parents and his young patients about the serious health risks from the consumption of these drinks. In order to grasp the extend of the problem of ED and AMED consumption, we did a Medline search of the English language literature from January 2010 to December 2013, using the terms EDs and alcohol-mixed EDs. All the findings from the recent studies regarding the cardiovascular complications from the consumption of EDs and AMEDs together with collateral literature will be discussed in this review.
能量饮料是含咖啡因的饮品，在青少年和年轻人中很受欢迎。它们被大力推销，宣传具有提神、提供能量和增强性功能的功效。能量饮料除了含有咖啡因外，还含有几种植物兴奋剂和单糖，这增加了它们的热量。这些饮料中的咖啡因浓度很高，过量饮用可能导致失眠、烦躁、震颤以及包括猝死在内的心血管并发症。酒精常与能量饮料混合饮用（酒精混合能量饮料），人们错误地认为能量饮料中的咖啡因能防止饮酒后的困倦，从而使人能饮用更多酒精。这种错误认知可能导致酒精中毒以及做出冒险决定，比如酒后驾车，对自身和他人造成严重身体伤害。为防止能量饮料和酒精混合能量饮料的消费问题，关爱患者的医生可以通过向家长及其年轻患者告知饮用这些饮料带来的严重健康风险来提供帮助。为了解能量饮料和酒精混合能量饮料消费问题的严重程度，我们使用“能量饮料”和“酒精混合能量饮料”等术语，对2010年1月至2013年12月的英文医学文献进行了Medline检索。本综述将讨论近期有关饮用能量饮料和酒精混合能量饮料导致心血管并发症的研究结果以及相关文献。
