Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Wielicka 265 St., 30-663 Cracow, Poland.
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Wielicka 265 St., 30-663 Cracow, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 21;16(16):2786. doi: 10.3390/nu16162786.
This study aims to gather information on effective dietary strategies for the prevention and treatment of hypertension (HTN) in children and adolescents. It discusses specific nutritional models such as the Diet Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet), traditional Asian diets, plant-based diets, the Southern European traditional Atlantic diet, and the Mediterranean diet, highlighting the benefits of these approaches. The manuscript also addresses dehydration resulting from insufficient fluid intake among children, as well as the consumption of inappropriate beverages, like soft drinks and energy drinks, which contributes to the development of HTN. Additionally, it examines the role of oxidative stress in the pathomechanism of HTN in children, particularly in relation to the antioxidant potential of food components such as selenium, magnesium, and selected vitamins. The relationship between sodium and potassium intake from food and the development of HTN in children is also explored. Finally, this study discusses public health strategies for the prevention of HTN in children. A comprehensive search was performed across multiple databases, such as PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and EBSCO. This search focused on locating English-language meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies from around the globe.
本研究旨在收集有关儿童和青少年高血压（HTN）预防和治疗的有效饮食策略的信息。文中讨论了特定的营养模式，如“停止高血压的饮食方法”（DASH 饮食）、传统亚洲饮食、植物性饮食、南欧传统大西洋饮食和地中海饮食，并强调了这些方法的益处。本文还探讨了儿童因液体摄入不足而导致的脱水问题，以及饮用不合适的饮料（如软饮料和能量饮料）对 HTN 发展的影响。此外，文中还研究了氧化应激在儿童 HTN 发病机制中的作用，特别是与食物成分的抗氧化潜力有关，如硒、镁和特定维生素。文中还探讨了儿童饮食中钠和钾的摄入与 HTN 发展之间的关系。最后，本研究讨论了预防儿童 HTN 的公共卫生策略。研究人员在多个数据库（如 PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆、Science Direct 和 EBSCO）中进行了全面检索，旨在查找全球范围内的英文荟萃分析、系统评价、随机临床试验和观察性研究。
