Hyun Jong Jin, Lee Hong Sik
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Clin Endosc. 2014 May;47(3):212-6. doi: 10.5946/ce.2014.47.3.212. Epub 2014 May 31.
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and acinar cell necrosis, depending on its severity. Regardless of the extent of tissue injury, acute pancreatitis is a completely reversible process with evident normal tissue architecture after recovery. Its pathogenic mechanism has been known to be closely related to intracellular digestive enzyme activation. In contrast to acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis is characterized by irreversible tissue damage such as acinar cell atrophy and pancreatic fibrosis that results in exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Recently, many studies of chronic pancreatitis have been prompted by the discovery of the pancreatic stellate cell, which has been identified and distinguished as the key effector cell of pancreatic fibrosis. However, investigations into the pathogenesis and treatment of pancreatitis face many obstacles because of its anatomical location and disparate clinical course. Due to these difficulties, most of our knowledge on pancreatitis is based on research conducted using experimental models of pancreatitis. In this review, several experimental models of pancreatitis will be discussed in terms of technique, advantages, and limitations.
急性胰腺炎是一种炎症性疾病，根据其严重程度，其特征为间质水肿、炎性细胞浸润和腺泡细胞坏死。无论组织损伤程度如何，急性胰腺炎都是一个完全可逆的过程，恢复后组织结构明显正常。已知其发病机制与细胞内消化酶激活密切相关。与急性胰腺炎相反，慢性胰腺炎的特征是不可逆的组织损伤，如腺泡细胞萎缩和胰腺纤维化，导致外分泌和内分泌功能不全。最近，胰腺星状细胞的发现促使了许多关于慢性胰腺炎的研究，胰腺星状细胞已被识别并被确定为胰腺纤维化的关键效应细胞。然而，由于胰腺炎的解剖位置和不同的临床病程，对其发病机制和治疗的研究面临许多障碍。由于这些困难，我们对胰腺炎的大多数认识都基于使用胰腺炎实验模型进行的研究。在这篇综述中，将从技术、优点和局限性方面讨论几种胰腺炎实验模型。
