MCPHS University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Future Oncol. 2014 May;10(7):1311-27. doi: 10.2217/fon.13.274.
Evaluation of cancer therapeutics by utilizing 3D tumor models, before clinical studies, could be more advantageous than conventional 2D tumor models (monolayer cultures). The 3D systems mimic the tumor microenvironment more closely than 2D systems. The following review discusses the various 3D tumor models present today with the advantages and limitations of each. 3D tumor models replicate the elements of a tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia, necrosis, angiogenesis and cell adhesion. The review introduces application of techniques such as microfluidics, imaging and tissue engineering to improve the 3D tumor models. Despite their tremendous potential to better screen chemotherapeutics, 3D tumor models still have a long way to go before they are used commonly as in vitro tumor models in pharmaceutical industrial research.
利用 3D 肿瘤模型在临床研究之前评估癌症疗法可能比传统的 2D 肿瘤模型（单层培养）更具优势。3D 系统比 2D 系统更能模拟肿瘤微环境。本综述讨论了当今存在的各种 3D 肿瘤模型，以及每种模型的优缺点。3D 肿瘤模型复制了肿瘤微环境的元素，如缺氧、坏死、血管生成和细胞黏附。该综述介绍了微流控、成像和组织工程等技术的应用，以改善 3D 肿瘤模型。尽管它们在更好地筛选化疗药物方面具有巨大的潜力，但在作为制药工业研究中的体外肿瘤模型广泛应用之前，3D 肿瘤模型还有很长的路要走。
