1 Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada .
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2015 Feb;21(1):34-44. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2014.0188. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
Fibrin is derived from fibrinogen during injury to produce a blood clot and thus promote wound repair. Composed of different domains, including Arg-Gly-Asp amino acid motifs, fibrin is used extensively as a hydrogel and sealant in the clinic. By binding to cell surface receptors like integrins and acting as a supportive 3D scaffold, fibrin has been useful in promoting cell differentiation, proliferation, function, and survival. In particular, fibrin has been able to maintain islet cell architecture, promote beta cell insulin secretion, and islet angiogenesis, as well as inducing a protective effect against cell death. During islet transplantation, fibrin improved neovascularization and islet function. These improvements resulted in reduced number of transplanted islets necessary to reverse diabetes. Therefore, fibrin, as a biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold, should be considered during subcutaneous islet transplantation and beta cell expansion in vitro to ensure maintenance of islet cell function, proliferation, and survival to develop effective cell-based therapies for the treatment of diabetes.
纤维蛋白在受伤时源自纤维蛋白原，产生血凝块，从而促进伤口修复。纤维蛋白由不同的结构域组成，包括精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸氨基酸基序，广泛用作临床中的水凝胶和密封剂。纤维蛋白通过与细胞表面受体（如整合素）结合并充当支持性的 3D 支架，有助于促进细胞分化、增殖、功能和存活。特别是，纤维蛋白能够维持胰岛细胞结构，促进β细胞胰岛素分泌和胰岛血管生成，并诱导对细胞死亡的保护作用。在胰岛移植过程中，纤维蛋白改善了新血管生成和胰岛功能。这些改进减少了逆转糖尿病所需移植的胰岛数量。因此，纤维蛋白作为一种生物相容性和可生物降解的支架，应在皮下胰岛移植和体外β细胞扩增过程中加以考虑，以确保胰岛细胞功能、增殖和存活得到维持，从而开发出有效的基于细胞的治疗方法来治疗糖尿病。
