Chao Jing, Page Stephanie T, Anderson Richard A
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Aug;28(6):845-57. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.05.008. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Clear evidence shows that many men and women would welcome new male methods of contraception, but none have become available. The hormonal approach is based on suppression of gonadotropins and thus of testicular function and spermatogenesis, and has been investigated for several decades. This approach can achieve sufficient suppression of spermatogenesis for effective contraception in most men, but not all; the basis for these men responding insufficiently is unclear. Alternatively, the non-hormonal approach is based on identifying specific processes in sperm development, maturation and function. A range of targets has been identified in animal models, and targeted effectively. This approach, however, remains in the pre-clinical domain at present. There are, therefore, grounds for considering that safe, effective and reversible methods of contraception for men can be developed.
确凿证据表明，许多男性和女性都希望有新的男性避孕方法，但目前尚无此类方法问世。激素避孕方法是基于抑制促性腺激素，从而抑制睾丸功能和精子发生，并且已经研究了几十年。这种方法在大多数男性中能够充分抑制精子发生以实现有效避孕，但并非对所有男性都有效；这些男性反应不充分的原因尚不清楚。另外，非激素避孕方法是基于识别精子发育、成熟和功能中的特定过程。在动物模型中已经确定了一系列靶点，并进行了有效靶向。然而，这种方法目前仍处于临床前阶段。因此，有理由认为可以开发出安全、有效且可逆的男性避孕方法。
