Schäfer-Somi S, Kaya D, Gültiken N, Aslan S
Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Vienna, Austria.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2014 Jun;49 Suppl 2:21-7. doi: 10.1111/rda.12330.
Pre-pubertal gonadectomy in dogs and cats is still controversially discussed because some consequences cause health problems. Nevertheless, postponement of puberty, that is, prevention of an increase in sexual hormones and thereby prevention of their manifold effects, is of major importance, not only in controlling overpopulation but also to preserve the genetic base for future breeding stock and pets. Therefore, alternatives for surgical suppression of fertility in pre-pubertal animals were critically reviewed. As a promising alternative, the slow-release GnRH agonist deslorelin and other GnRH analogues have been investigated. In female dogs and cats, puberty could be significantly postponed without initial flare-up effect and without disturbance of body development. First trials to delay puberty in female and male cats by application of a 4.7-mg deslorelin implant 24 h after birth so far are promising. In female dogs, a previous investigation showed that when the implant was inserted at the age of 4 months, the initial flare-up effect was prevented. Body development was normal in the studies reviewed here, and with the 9.4-mg implant, puberty was significantly delayed until the age of 21 months or older. In one study, bitches either received a 4.7- or a 9.4-mg implant at the age of 4 months and the epiphyses were mostly closed before the time of first oestrus. Using a 4.7-mg deslorelin implant in pre-pubertal male dogs significantly postponed puberty, and age at puberty was >2 years when a 9.4-mg implant was used. However, further investigations are required, especially concerning the effect of different GnRH agonist dosages and resorption rates on the duration of postponement of puberty as well as long-term effects in both dogs and cats.
对犬猫进行青春期前性腺切除术仍存在争议，因为一些后果会引发健康问题。然而，推迟青春期，即防止性激素增加并由此预防其多种影响，不仅对于控制动物数量过剩至关重要，而且对于保留未来种畜和宠物的基因库也很重要。因此，对青春期前动物手术抑制生育能力的替代方法进行了严格审查。作为一种有前景的替代方法，已对缓释促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）激动剂地洛瑞林和其他GnRH类似物进行了研究。在雌性犬猫中，青春期可显著推迟，且无初始激增效应，也不会干扰身体发育。迄今为止，在出生后24小时应用4.7毫克地洛瑞林植入物来延迟雌性和雄性猫青春期的初步试验很有前景。在雌性犬中，先前的一项研究表明，在4个月大时植入该植入物可防止初始激增效应。在此处回顾的研究中，身体发育正常，使用9.4毫克植入物时，青春期显著延迟至21个月或更大年龄。在一项研究中，母犬在4个月大时接受了4.7毫克或9.4毫克的植入物，在首次发情前骨骺大多已闭合。在青春期前雄性犬中使用4.7毫克地洛瑞林植入物可显著推迟青春期，使用9.4毫克植入物时青春期年龄>2岁。然而，还需要进一步研究，特别是关于不同GnRH激动剂剂量和吸收率对青春期推迟持续时间的影响以及对犬猫的长期影响。
