Baruah Kartik, Norouzitallab Parisa, Linayati Linayati, Sorgeloos Patrick, Bossier Peter
Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Rozier 44, Gent 9000, Belgium.
Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Rozier 44, Gent 9000, Belgium.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2014 Oct;46(2):470-9. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 17.
The cytoprotective role of heat shock protein (Hsp70) described in a variety of animal disease models, including vibriosis in farmed aquatic animals, suggests that new protective strategies relying upon the use of compounds that selectively turn on Hsp genes could be developed. The product Tex-OE® (hereafter referred to as Hspi), an extract from the skin of the prickly pear fruit, Opuntia ficus indica, was previously shown to trigger Hsp70 synthesis in a non-stressful situation in a variety of animals, including in a gnotobiotically (germ-free) cultured brine shrimp Artemia franciscana model system. This model system offers great potential for carrying out high-throughput, live-animal screens of compounds that have health benefit effects. By using this model system, we aimed to disclose the underlying cause behind the induction of Hsp70 by Hspi in the shrimp host, and to determine whether the product affects the shrimp in inducing resistance towards pathogenic vibrios. We provide unequivocal evidences indicating that during the pretreatment period with Hspi, there is an initial release of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and/or superoxide anion), generated by the added product, in the rearing water and associated with the host. The reactive molecules generated are the triggering factors responsible for causing Hsp70 induction within Artemia. We have also shown that Hspi acts prophylactically at an optimum dose regimen to confer protection against pathogenic vibrios. This salutary effect was associated with upregulation of two important immune genes, prophenoloxidase and transglutaminase of the innate immune system. These findings suggest that inducers of stress protein (e.g. Hsp70) are potentially important modulator of immune responses and might be exploited to confer protection to cultured shrimp against Vibrio infection.
热休克蛋白（Hsp70）在包括养殖水产动物弧菌病在内的多种动物疾病模型中所描述的细胞保护作用表明，可以开发依赖于使用能选择性开启Hsp基因的化合物的新保护策略。产品Tex - OE®（以下简称Hspi），一种来自仙人掌果实（仙人掌）皮肤的提取物，先前已表明在包括无菌培养的卤虫无节幼体模型系统在内的多种动物的非应激情况下能触发Hsp70合成。这个模型系统为开展对具有健康有益作用的化合物进行高通量活体动物筛选提供了巨大潜力。通过使用这个模型系统，我们旨在揭示虾宿主中Hspi诱导Hsp70的潜在原因，并确定该产品是否影响虾对致病性弧菌的抗性诱导。我们提供了明确的证据表明，在用Hspi预处理期间，添加的产品在养殖水中并与宿主相关联地产生了活性氧物质（过氧化氢和/或超氧阴离子）的初始释放。产生的活性分子是导致卤虫体内Hsp70诱导的触发因素。我们还表明，Hspi以最佳剂量方案发挥预防作用，以提供对致病性弧菌的保护。这种有益效果与先天免疫系统的两个重要免疫基因——前酚氧化酶和转谷氨酰胺酶的上调有关。这些发现表明，应激蛋白诱导剂（如Hsp70）可能是免疫反应的重要调节剂，并且可能被用于保护养殖虾免受弧菌感染。
