伊朗玉米农业生态系统的能耗、温室气体排放与可持续性指数评估。
Energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and assessment of sustainability index in corn agroecosystems of Iran.
机构信息
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Departments of Agroecology, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Sep 15;493:330-5. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
The objectives of this study were to assess the energy flow, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, global warming potential (GWP) and sustainability of corn production systems in Kermanshah province, western Iran. The data were collected from 70 corn agroecosystems which were selected based on randomly sampled method in the summer of 2011. The results indicated that total input and output energy were 50,485 and 134,946 MJ ha(-1), respectively. The highest share of total input energy in corn production systems was recorded for N fertilizer, electricity power and diesel fuel with 35, 25 and 20%, respectively. Energy use efficiency and energy productivity were 2.67 and 0.18 kg MJ(-1), respectively. Also agrochemical energy ratio was estimated as 40%. Applying chemical inputs produced the following emissions of greenhouse gases: 2994.66 kg CO2, 31.58 kg N2O and 3.82 kg CH4 per hectare. Hence, total GWP was 12,864.84 kg Co2eq ha(-1) in corn production systems. In terms of CO2 equivalents 23% of the GWPs came from CO2, 76% from N2O, and 1% from CH4. In this study input and output C equivalents per total GHG and Biomass production were 3508.59 and 10,696.34 kg Cha(-1). Net carbon and sustainability indexes in corn production systems were 7187.75 kg Cha(-1) and 2.05. Accordingly, efficient use of energy is essential to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact in corn agroecosystems.
本研究旨在评估伊朗西部克尔曼沙阿省玉米生产系统的能量流、温室气体（GHG）排放、全球变暖潜势（GWP）和可持续性。数据来自 2011 年夏季通过随机抽样方法选择的 70 个玉米农业生态系统。结果表明，总投入和总产出能量分别为 50485 和 134946 MJ ha(-1)。玉米生产系统中总投入能量的最高份额分别为氮肥、电力和柴油燃料，占 35%、25%和 20%。能源利用效率和能源生产力分别为 2.67 和 0.18 kg MJ(-1)。农业化学品能源比估计为 40%。施用化学投入物产生了以下温室气体排放：每公顷 2994.66 千克 CO2、31.58 千克 N2O 和 3.82 千克 CH4。因此，玉米生产系统中的总 GWP 为 12864.84 kg Co2eq ha(-1)。就 CO2 当量而言，23%的 GWP 来自 CO2，76%来自 N2O，1%来自 CH4。在本研究中，每总 GHG 和生物质产量的投入和产出 C 当量分别为 3508.59 和 10696.34 kg Cha(-1)。玉米生产系统中的净碳和可持续性指数分别为 7187.75 kg Cha(-1)和 2.05。因此，有效利用能源对于减少玉米农业生态系统中的温室气体排放和环境影响至关重要。
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