Department of Biosystem Mechanic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 28;14(1):20036. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70923-4.
Corn growing is an important cultural and traditional system in the Iran that has considerable environmental impacts. This study was conducted to determine the environmental effects of corn production using life cycle assessment methodology. In the present study, the data have been collected from face-to-face interviews and completing a questionnaire among corn farmers in Ilam province of Iran, in 2021. The functional unit for analysis was defined as one ton of corn produced in the region. As a result, energy efficiency, energy productivity, net energy and specific energy were equal to 4.41, 0.20 kg MJ, 675,379.84 MJ ha and 4.88 MJ kg respectively. Direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energies was 61.59, 38.41, 16.03 and 83.97%, respectively. In this study, the amount of global warming potential per ton of product produced is estimated to be 4747,505 kg CO equivalent. After normalization and weighting, the highest environmental pollutants are related to the marine aquatic ecotoxicity index with 225,273 kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene equivalent and the lowest pollutants are related to the depletion of ozone layer 1,19 × 10 kg CFC-11 equivalent. Result showed that chemical fertilizers and electricity led to the highest contaminating emissions.
玉米种植是伊朗重要的文化和传统体系，对环境有相当大的影响。本研究旨在采用生命周期评价方法，确定玉米生产的环境影响。在本研究中，数据是通过 2021 年在伊朗伊拉姆省对玉米种植户进行面对面访谈和填写问卷收集的。分析的功能单位被定义为该地区生产的一吨玉米。结果表明，能源效率、能源生产力、净能源和比能源分别为 4.41、0.20kgMJ、67537984MJha 和 4.88MJkg。直接能源、间接能源、可再生能源和不可再生能源分别为 61.59%、38.41%、16.03%和 83.97%。本研究估计每生产一吨产品的全球变暖潜能值为 4747505kgCO 当量。归一化和加权后，最高的环境污染物与海洋水生生态毒性指数有关，为 225273kg1,4-二氯苯当量，最低的污染物与消耗臭氧层有关，为 119×10kgCFC-11 当量。结果表明，化肥和电力导致了最高的污染排放。
