State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Rd 18, Haidian District, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China.
Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Oct;155:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
Carbamazepine (CBZ), an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing pharmaceutical, is a widespread contaminant in aquatic environments. In this study, the effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant CBZ concentrations were investigated in freshwater clams Corbicula fluminea. Adult C. fluminea were exposed to 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L of CBZ for 30 days, after which siphoning behavior (filtration rates), biomarker levels, and heat shock protein expression were measured. The filtration rates were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 50 μg/L CBZ treatment, indicating a negative impact on C. fluminea health. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were decreased, and catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were increased in the gills and digestive gland, suggesting that CBZ induced an oxidative effect. The levels of Hsp22, Hsp40, and Hsp70 mRNAs were also markedly induced after 5 or 50 μg/L CBZ treatment (p<0.05), whereas Hsp60 and Hsp90 mRNAs in gills and Hsp60 mRNA in digestive gland were significantly repressed (p<0.05). Finally, the expression of Hsp70 protein was significantly increased (p<0.05) by 5 and 50 μg/L exposure. In aggregate, these results confirm that environmentally relevant concentrations of CBZ can exert a negative effect on C. fluminea tissue at the molecular and protein level.
卡马西平（CBZ）是一种抗惊厥和稳定情绪的药物，是水生环境中广泛存在的污染物。在这项研究中，研究了在淡水贻贝 Corbicula fluminea 中慢性暴露于环境相关 CBZ 浓度的影响。成年 C. fluminea 暴露于 0.5、5 和 50μg/L 的 CBZ 中 30 天，之后测量虹吸行为（过滤率）、生物标志物水平和热休克蛋白表达。50μg/L CBZ 处理显著降低了过滤率（p<0.05），表明对 C. fluminea 健康产生了负面影响。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性降低，鳃和消化腺中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量增加，表明 CBZ 诱导了氧化作用。5 或 50μg/L CBZ 处理后，Hsp22、Hsp40 和 Hsp70 mRNAs 的水平也明显升高（p<0.05），而鳃中的 Hsp60 和 Hsp90 mRNAs 以及消化腺中的 Hsp60 mRNA 则受到显著抑制（p<0.05）。最后，5 和 50μg/L 暴露显著增加了 Hsp70 蛋白的表达（p<0.05）。总之，这些结果证实，环境相关浓度的 CBZ 可以在分子和蛋白质水平上对 C. fluminea 组织产生负面影响。
