Widenhorn-Müller Katharina, Schwanda Simone, Scholz Elke, Spitzer Manfred, Bode Harald
Transfer Center for Neuroscience and Learning, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
SPZ, University Children׳s Hospital, Division of Social Pediatrics and Child Neurology, Ulm, Germany.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2014 Jul-Aug;91(1-2):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.04.004. Epub 2014 May 28.
To determine whether supplementation with the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects behavioral symptoms and cognitive impairments in children 6-12 years of age diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled 16 weeks trial was conducted with 95 children diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV criteria. Behavior was assessed by parents, teachers and investigators using standardized rating scales and questionnaires. Further outcome variables were working memory, speed of information processing and various measures of attention. For a subgroup of 81 participants, erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition was analyzed before and after the intervention.
Supplementation with the omega-3 fatty acid mix increased EPA and DHA concentrations in erythrocyte membranes and improved working memory function, but had no effect on other cognitive measures and parent- and teacher-rated behavior in the study population. Improved working memory correlated significantly with increased EPA, DHA and decreased AA (arachidonic acid).
确定补充长链ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是否会影响6至12岁被诊断为注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的行为症状和认知障碍。
对95名根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准诊断为ADHD的儿童进行了为期16周的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。父母、教师和研究人员使用标准化评分量表和问卷对行为进行评估。其他结果变量包括工作记忆、信息处理速度和各种注意力测量指标。对81名参与者的亚组，在干预前后分析了红细胞膜脂肪酸组成。
补充ω-3脂肪酸混合物可提高红细胞膜中EPA和DHA的浓度，并改善工作记忆功能，但对研究人群的其他认知指标以及父母和教师评定的行为没有影响。工作记忆的改善与EPA、DHA的增加以及花生四烯酸（AA）的减少显著相关。
