Atallah A, Atallah V, Daigre J-L, Boissin J-L, Kangambega P, Larifla L, Inamo J
Service de cardiologie, pôle vasculaire, centre hospitalier de la Basse-Terre, 97100 Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe.
Service de cardiologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 2014 Jun;63(3):155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ancard.2014.05.008. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
The epidemiological characteristics of hypertension and obesity in French overseas territories (FOTs) have never been compared.
This cross-sectional survey included representative population-based samples of 602, 601, 620 and 605 men and women aged more than 15 years, respectively, from four FOTs of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, and French Polynesia. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure (BP) at least 140/90mmHg or the current use of antihypertensive treatment.
The prevalence of hypertension was 29.2% in Guadeloupe, 17.9% in French Guiana, 27.6% in Martinique and 24.5% in French Polynesia. Considering the Guadeloupe population as the reference group, prevalence of hypertension was significantly lower in French Guiana (P<0.001), even after controlling for age and sex (PU0.006). Awareness and treatment of hypertension were similar in French Guiana, Martinique and Guadeloupe (68.8-75.1% and 69.0-73.4%, respectively). Awareness was lower in French Polynesia (50.0%, adjusted P value U0.04), as was treatment of hypertension (32.4%, adjusted P value U0.001). Control of hypertension was also lower in French Polynesia (8.8%, adjusted P value U0.001) compared with the other territories (29.7-31.8%). French Polynesia had the highest prevalence of obesity (33.1%, adjusted P value<0.001) as compared with the other territories (17.9-22.8%). It had also the largest population attributable fraction of hypertension due to obesity (35.5%) compared with Guadeloupe (13.3%), Martinique (12.3%) and French Guiana (23.6%).
Wide variations were observed in the prevalence and the management of hypertension between these FOTs, and an especially challenging low control of hypertension was found in French Polynesia. Obesity appears a key target to prevent hypertension, particularly in French Polynesia.
从未对法国海外领地（FOTs）高血压和肥胖的流行病学特征进行过比较。
这项横断面调查纳入了分别来自瓜德罗普、马提尼克、法属圭亚那和法属波利尼西亚这四个法国海外领地的602名、601名、620名和605名15岁以上男女的具有代表性的基于人群的样本。高血压定义为血压（BP）至少为140/90mmHg或目前正在使用降压治疗。
瓜德罗普的高血压患病率为29.2%，法属圭亚那为17.9%，马提尼克为27.6%，法属波利尼西亚为24.5%。以瓜德罗普人群作为参照组，法属圭亚那的高血压患病率显著较低（P<0.001），即使在对年龄和性别进行校正后（P=0.006）。法属圭亚那、马提尼克和瓜德罗普的高血压知晓率和治疗率相似（分别为68.8 - 75.1%和69.0 - 73.4%）。法属波利尼西亚的知晓率较低（50.0%，校正P值=0.04），高血压治疗率也较低（32.4%，校正P值=0.001）。与其他领地（29.7 - 31.8%）相比，法属波利尼西亚的高血压控制率也较低（8.8%，校正P值=0.001）。与其他领地（17.9 - 22.8%）相比，法属波利尼西亚的肥胖患病率最高（33.1%，校正P值<0.001）。与瓜德罗普（13.3%）、马提尼克（12.3%）和法属圭亚那（23.6%）相比，其因肥胖导致的高血压人群归因分数也最大（35.5%）。
这些法国海外领地之间在高血压患病率和管理方面存在广泛差异，在法属波利尼西亚发现高血压控制情况尤其具有挑战性。肥胖似乎是预防高血压的关键目标，特别是在法属波利尼西亚。
