Findholt Nancy E, Izumi Betty T, Nguyen Thuan, Pickus Hayley, Chen Zunqiu
1 School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University , La Grande, OR.
Child Obes. 2014 Aug;10(4):342-8. doi: 10.1089/chi.2014.0020. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
Food stores near schools are an important source of snacks for children. However, few studies have assessed availability of healthy snacks in these settings. The aim of this study was to assess availability of healthy snack foods and beverages in stores near schools and examine how availability of healthy items varied by poverty level of the school and rural-urban location.
Food stores were selected based on their proximity to elementary/middle schools in three categories: high-income urban, low-income urban, and rural. Audits were conducted within the stores to assess the presence or absence of 48 items in single-serving sizes, including healthy beverages, healthy snacks, fresh fruits, and fresh vegetables.
Overall, availability of healthy snack foods and beverages was low in all stores. However, there was significant cross-site variability in availability of several snack and fruit items, with stores near high-income urban schools having higher availability, compared to stores near low-income urban and/or rural schools. Stores near rural schools generally had the lowest availability, although several fruits were found more often in rural stores than in urban stores. There were no significant differences in availability of healthy beverages and fresh vegetables across sites.
Availability of healthy snack foods and beverages was limited in stores near schools, but these limitations were more severe in stores proximal to rural and low-income schools. Given that children frequent these stores to purchase snacks, efforts to increase the availability of healthy products, especially in stores near rural and low-income schools, should be a priority.
学校附近的食品店是儿童零食的重要来源。然而，很少有研究评估这些场所中健康零食的供应情况。本研究的目的是评估学校附近商店中健康零食食品和饮料的供应情况，并研究健康食品的供应情况如何因学校的贫困水平和城乡位置而有所不同。
根据食品店与小学/初中的距离，将其分为三类进行选择：高收入城市地区、低收入城市地区和农村地区。在商店内进行审计，以评估48种单份包装食品的有无，包括健康饮料、健康零食、新鲜水果和新鲜蔬菜。
总体而言，所有商店中健康零食食品和饮料的供应情况都很低。然而，几种零食和水果的供应情况在不同地点存在显著差异，与低收入城市和/或农村学校附近的商店相比，高收入城市学校附近的商店供应情况更高。农村学校附近的商店供应情况通常最低，不过农村商店中几种水果的出现频率高于城市商店。不同地点的健康饮料和新鲜蔬菜供应情况没有显著差异。
学校附近商店中健康零食食品和饮料的供应有限，但这些限制在农村和低收入学校附近的商店更为严重。鉴于儿童经常光顾这些商店购买零食，增加健康产品的供应，尤其是在农村和低收入学校附近的商店，应成为优先事项。
