Schoepp Randal J, Rossi Cynthia A, Khan Sheik H, Goba Augustine, Fair Joseph N
Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Jul;20(7):1176-82. doi: 10.3201/eid2007.131265.
Sierra Leone in West Africa is in a Lassa fever-hyperendemic region that also includes Guinea and Liberia. Each year, suspected Lassa fever cases result in submission of ≈500-700 samples to the Kenema Government Hospital Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory in eastern Sierra Leone. Generally only 30%-40% of samples tested are positive for Lassa virus (LASV) antigen and/or LASV-specific IgM; thus, 60%-70% of these patients have acute diseases of unknown origin. To investigate what other arthropod-borne and hemorrhagic fever viral diseases might cause serious illness in this region and mimic Lassa fever, we tested patient serum samples that were negative for malaria parasites and LASV. Using IgM-capture ELISAs, we evaluated samples for antibodies to arthropod-borne and other hemorrhagic fever viruses. Approximately 25% of LASV-negative patients had IgM to dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, Rift Valley fever, chikungunya, Ebola, and Marburg viruses but not to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.
西非的塞拉利昂处于拉沙热高度流行地区，该地区还包括几内亚和利比里亚。每年，疑似拉沙热病例会向塞拉利昂东部的凯内马政府医院拉沙诊断实验室提交约500 - 700份样本。一般来说，检测的样本中只有30% - 40%的拉沙病毒（LASV）抗原和/或LASV特异性IgM呈阳性；因此，这些患者中有60% - 70%患有病因不明的急性疾病。为了调查该地区其他节肢动物传播的出血热病毒疾病可能导致严重疾病并类似拉沙热的情况，我们检测了疟原虫和LASV呈阴性的患者血清样本。我们使用IgM捕获ELISA法评估样本中针对节肢动物传播病毒和其他出血热病毒的抗体。约25%的LASV阴性患者对登革热、西尼罗河病毒、黄热病、裂谷热、基孔肯雅热、埃博拉病毒和马尔堡病毒有IgM抗体，但对克里米亚 - 刚果出血热病毒没有。
