Franck Kristina T, Fonager Jannik, Ersbøll Annette K, Böttiger Blenda
Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Jul;20(7):1123-31. doi: 10.3201/eid2007.130781.
Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of gastroenteritis. NoV genotype II.4 (GII.4) is the predominant genotype in health care settings but the reason for this finding is unknown. Stool samples containing isolates with a known NoV genotype from 2,109 patients in Denmark (patients consulting a general practitioner or outpatient clinic, inpatients, and patients from foodborne outbreaks) were used to determine genotype distribution in relation to age and setting. NoV GII.4 was more prevalent among inpatients than among patients in community settings or those who became infected during foodborne outbreaks. In community and health care settings, we found an association between infection with GII.4 and increasing age. Norovirus GII.4 predominated in patients ≥ 60 years of age and in health care settings. A larger proportion of children than adults were infected with NoV GII.3 or GII.P21. Susceptibility to NoV infection might depend on patient age and infecting NoV genotype. Cohort studies are warranted to test this hypothesis.
诺如病毒（NoV）是引起肠胃炎的主要原因。诺如病毒II.4基因型（GII.4）是医疗机构中占主导地位的基因型，但这一发现的原因尚不清楚。我们使用了来自丹麦2109名患者（咨询全科医生或门诊诊所的患者、住院患者以及食源性疾病暴发中的患者）的粪便样本，这些样本中含有已知诺如病毒基因型的分离株，以确定与年龄和环境相关的基因型分布。诺如病毒GII.4在住院患者中比在社区环境中的患者或在食源性疾病暴发期间感染的患者中更为普遍。在社区和医疗机构中，我们发现感染GII.4与年龄增长之间存在关联。诺如病毒GII.4在60岁及以上的患者和医疗机构中占主导地位。感染诺如病毒GII.3或GII.P21的儿童比例高于成人。对诺如病毒感染的易感性可能取决于患者年龄和感染的诺如病毒基因型。有必要进行队列研究来验证这一假设。
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