Nodera Hiroyuki, Manto Mario
Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan.
Cerebellum. 2014 Dec;13(6):663-5. doi: 10.1007/s12311-014-0578-z.
Cerebellum is highly connected with the contralateral cerebral cortex. So far, the motor deficits observed in acute focal cerebellar lesions in human have been mainly explained on the basis of a disruption of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical projections. Cerebellar circuits have also numerous anatomical and functional interactions with brainstem nuclei and projects also directly to the spinal cord. Cerebellar lesions alter the excitability of peripheral motor axons as demonstrated by peripheral motor threshold-tracking techniques in cerebellar stroke. The biophysical changes are correlated with the functional scores. Nerve excitability measurements represent an attractive tool to extract the rules underlying the tuning of excitability of the motor pathways by the cerebellum and to discover the contributions of each cerebellar nucleus in this key function, contributing to early plasticity and sensorimotor learning.
小脑与对侧大脑皮层高度相连。到目前为止，人类急性局灶性小脑病变中观察到的运动缺陷主要是基于小脑 - 丘脑 - 皮质投射的中断来解释的。小脑回路与脑干核也有许多解剖学和功能上的相互作用，并且也直接投射到脊髓。如小脑卒中的外周运动阈值跟踪技术所示，小脑病变会改变外周运动轴突的兴奋性。这些生物物理变化与功能评分相关。神经兴奋性测量是一种有吸引力的工具，可用于提取小脑调节运动通路兴奋性的潜在规则，并发现每个小脑核在这一关键功能中的作用，有助于早期可塑性和感觉运动学习。
