Milloy M-J, Montaner Julio S G, Wood Evan
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada,
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2014 Sep;11(3):308-16. doi: 10.1007/s11904-014-0214-z.
Contact with the criminal justice system, including incarceration, is a common experience for many people living with HIV/AIDS. Optimism has recently been expressed that correctional facilities could be important locations for treatment-as-prevention (TasP)-based initiatives. We review recent findings regarding the effect of incarceration on patterns of HIV transmission, testing, treatment initiation and retention. We found that the prevalence of HIV infection among incarcerated individuals remains higher than analogous non-incarcerated populations. Recent studies have shown that voluntary HIV/AIDS testing is feasible in many correctional facilities, although the number of previously undiagnosed individuals identified has been modest. Studies have implied enhanced linkage to HIV/AIDS treatment and care in jails in the United States was associated with improvements in the HIV cascade of care. However, for many individuals living with HIV/AIDS, exposure to the correctional system remains an important barrier to retention in HIV/AIDS treatment and care. Future research should evaluate structural interventions to address these barriers and facilitate the scale-up of TasP-based efforts among individuals living in correctional settings.
与刑事司法系统接触，包括监禁，是许多艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的常见经历。最近有人乐观地认为，惩教设施可能是基于治疗即预防（TasP）举措的重要场所。我们回顾了关于监禁对艾滋病毒传播模式、检测、治疗启动和留存影响的近期研究结果。我们发现，被监禁者中的艾滋病毒感染率仍然高于类似的未被监禁人群。近期研究表明，自愿进行艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测在许多惩教设施中是可行的，尽管新发现的既往未被诊断者数量不多。研究表明，美国监狱中艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗和护理的衔接改善与艾滋病毒照护连续过程的改善有关。然而，对于许多艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者来说，接触惩教系统仍然是他们接受艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗和护理的一个重要障碍。未来的研究应评估结构性干预措施，以消除这些障碍，并促进在惩教机构中的人群中扩大基于TasP的努力。
