French Davina J, Sargent-Cox Kerry A, Kim Sarang, Anstey Kaarin J
Centre for Research on Aging, Health & Wellbeing, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2014 Aug;38(4):332-9. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12227. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
To compare gender differences in alcohol use and the socioeconomic correlates of at-risk drinking among middle-aged and older adults in Australia, the United States (US) and South Korea.
Data were drawn from large nationally representative surveys of people aged 45 years and older, collected in 2006.
Rates of any drinking and at-risk drinking (>14 US standard drinks/week) were higher for males than females in all countries and these gender differences were largest in Korea. Socioeconomic differentials for at-risk drinking varied by country and gender. In the US, at-risk drinking was associated with lower educational levels among men, but higher educational levels among women; in Korea, it was associated with being unpartnered, particularly for women; and in Australia, at-risk drinking was associated with higher income.
Gender-role expectations differ between countries and may influence both the levels at which older adults consume alcohol and the ways in which at-risk drinking is associated with socioeconomic factors.
Heavy alcohol use in middle-aged and older adults is a cause for concern. Health promotion strategies should target older age groups and consider the ways in which gender, marital status and education influence norms and opportunities for risky alcohol use.
比较澳大利亚、美国和韩国中年及老年成年人在饮酒方面的性别差异以及危险饮酒与社会经济因素的相关性。
数据取自2006年收集的针对45岁及以上人群的具有全国代表性的大型调查。
在所有国家中，男性的任何饮酒率和危险饮酒率（>14个美国标准饮酒单位/周）均高于女性，且这些性别差异在韩国最为显著。危险饮酒的社会经济差异因国家和性别而异。在美国，危险饮酒与男性较低的教育水平相关，但与女性较高的教育水平相关；在韩国，危险饮酒与未婚状况相关，尤其是女性；在澳大利亚，危险饮酒与较高收入相关。
不同国家的性别角色期望不同，这可能会影响老年人的饮酒水平以及危险饮酒与社会经济因素的关联方式。
中年及老年成年人的大量饮酒令人担忧。健康促进策略应针对老年群体，并考虑性别、婚姻状况和教育如何影响危险饮酒的规范和机会。
