Poverty and Learning Lab, Education Department, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH, USA.
Front Psychol. 2014 Jun 11;5:575. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00575. eCollection 2014.
There is a need for feasible and research-based interventions that target the cognitive performance and academic achievement of low-income adolescents. In response, this study utilized a randomized experimental design and assessed the selective visual attention (SVA) and reading comprehension abilities of low-income adolescents and, for comparison purposes, high-income adolescents after they engaged in 12-min of aerobic exercise. The results suggest that 12-min of aerobic exercise improved the SVA of low- and high-income adolescents and that the benefit lasted for 45-min for both groups. The SVA improvement among the low-income adolescents was particularly large. In fact, the SVA improvement among the low-income adolescents was substantial enough to eliminate a pre-existing income gap in SVA. The mean reading comprehension score of low-income adolescents who engaged in 12-min of aerobic exercise was higher than the mean reading comprehension score of low-income adolescents in the control group. However, there was no difference between the mean reading comprehension scores of the high-income adolescents who did and did not engage in 12-min of aerobic exercise. Based on the results, schools serving low-income adolescents should consider implementing brief sessions of aerobic exercise during the school day.
需要针对低收入青少年的认知表现和学业成绩制定可行且基于研究的干预措施。有鉴于此，本研究采用随机实验设计，评估了低收入青少年和高收入青少年在进行 12 分钟有氧运动后的选择性视觉注意（SVA）和阅读理解能力。结果表明，12 分钟的有氧运动提高了低收入和高收入青少年的 SVA，并且两组的受益时间持续了 45 分钟。低收入青少年的 SVA 改善幅度尤其大。事实上，低收入青少年的 SVA 改善幅度足以消除 SVA 方面先前存在的收入差距。进行了 12 分钟有氧运动的低收入青少年的平均阅读理解得分高于对照组中低收入青少年的平均阅读理解得分。然而，进行和不进行 12 分钟有氧运动的高收入青少年的平均阅读理解得分之间没有差异。基于这些结果，为低收入青少年服务的学校应该考虑在上课期间实施短暂的有氧运动课程。
