Walker Jane R, Hilder Lisa, Levy Michael H, Sullivan Elizabeth A
National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick Hospitals Campus, Level 2, McNevin Dickson Building, Randwick 2031, NSW, Australia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Jun 27;14:214. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-214.
Studies from the United States and the United Kingdom have found that imprisoned women are less likely to experience poorer maternal and perinatal outcomes than other disadvantaged women. This population-based study used both community controls and women with a history of incarceration as a control group, to investigate whether imprisoned pregnant women in New South Wales, Australia, have improved maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Retrospective cohort study using probabilistic record linkage of routinely collected data from health and corrective services in New South Wales, Australia. Comparison of the maternal and perinatal outcomes of imprisoned pregnant women aged 18-44 years who gave birth between 2000-2006 with women who were (i) imprisoned at a time other than pregnancy, and (ii) community controls.
onset of labour, method of birth, pre-term birth, low birthweight, Apgar score, resuscitation, neonatal hospital admission, perinatal death.
Babies born to women who were imprisoned during pregnancy were significantly more likely to be born pre-term, have low birthweight, and be admitted to hospital, compared with community controls. Pregnant prisoners did not have significantly better outcomes than other similarly disadvantaged women (those with a history of imprisonment who were not imprisoned during pregnancy).
In contrast to the published literature, we found no evidence that contact with prison health services during pregnancy was a "therapunitive" intervention. We found no association between imprisonment during pregnancy and improved perinatal outcomes for imprisoned women or their neonates. A history of imprisonment remained the strongest predictor of poor perinatal outcomes, reflecting the relative health disadvantage experienced by this population of women.
美国和英国的研究发现，与其他弱势女性相比，被监禁的女性孕产妇和围产期结局较差的可能性较小。这项基于人群的研究使用社区对照以及有监禁史的女性作为对照组，以调查澳大利亚新南威尔士州被监禁的孕妇是否有改善的孕产妇和围产期结局。
采用回顾性队列研究，对澳大利亚新南威尔士州卫生和矫正服务部门常规收集的数据进行概率性记录链接。比较2000年至2006年间分娩的18至44岁被监禁孕妇与（i）非孕期被监禁的女性以及（ii）社区对照女性的孕产妇和围产期结局。
分娩开始、分娩方式、早产、低出生体重、阿氏评分、复苏、新生儿住院、围产期死亡。
与社区对照相比，孕期被监禁女性所生婴儿早产、低出生体重和住院的可能性显著更高。怀孕囚犯的结局并不比其他同样弱势的女性（有监禁史但孕期未被监禁的女性）更好。
与已发表的文献相反，我们没有发现证据表明孕期与监狱卫生服务接触是一种“惩罚性治疗”干预。我们没有发现孕期被监禁与被监禁女性或其新生儿围产期结局改善之间存在关联。监禁史仍然是围产期结局不良的最强预测因素，反映了这一女性群体相对的健康劣势。
