Liu Buyun, Jing Jin, Mai Jincheng, Chen Yajun, Xu Guifeng, Bao Peng, Yu Meiqiao, Zhang Wen, Peng Yanghua
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2014 Apr;48(4):312-7.
This study aimed to explore the secular trends of overweight and obesity prevalence between 2007 and 2011 in children and adolescents in Guangzhou.
The data of physical examination was collected from the routine measurements carried out by the Health Care Facilities of Primary and Secondary schools between 2007 and 2011. Random stratified cluster sampling was conducted, all the students aged 5-18 years old form 19 primary and secondary schools from 4 districts (Tianhe district, Yuexiu district, Baiyun district and Haizhu district) were included in this survey, including 27 944 students in 2007 and 38 284 students in 2011. Body mass index reference norm established by Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) and the WHO cut-off criteria were employed for overweight and obesity screening, and the trend was analyzed.
Prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents (7-18 years old) significantly increased from 5.96% (1 553/26 055) in 2007 to 6.56% (2 339/35 664) in 2011, and the difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 9.195, P < 0.05). Overweight and obesity was more common in boys (overweight: 13.25% (1 766/13 329) in 2007 and 13.87% (2 559/18 451) in 2011; obesity: 7.82% (1 042/13 329) in 2007 and 8.63% (1 592/18 451) in 2011) than in girls (overweight: 7.43% (946/12 726) in 2007 and 8.17% (1 406/17 213) in 2011; obesity: 4.11% (523/12 726) in 2007 and 4.48% (771/17 213) in 2011), and the difference showed statistical significance (overweight:χ(2) = 236.123 in 2007 and χ(2) = 292.892 in 2011; obesity:χ(2) = 158.533 in 2007 and χ(2) = 247.794 in 2011. All P values < 0.05). Further analysis found that significant increases occurred in boys aged 16 and 17 years old and in girls aged 12 years old (boy: 16 years old,χ(2) = 6.820, P < 0.05. 17 years old, χ(2) = 4.893, P < 0.05. girl: 12 years old,χ(2) = 5.921, P < 0.05).
of Join-point regression showed that for boys less than 10 years old the prevalence increased with age increasing (in 2007, APC = 3.75; in 2011, APC = 1.76), while over 10 years old the prevalence decreased with age increasing (in 2007, 10-18 years old's APC = -18.58; in 2011, 10-18 years old's APC = -15.95). While for girls the prevalence of obesity increased with age increasing between 7-9 years old (APC = 12.16), decreased with age increasing through 9 to 18 years old (APC = -17.23) in 2007. The prevalence decreased with age increasing for girls in 2011 (APC = -4.66).
The prevalence of obesity is high and still increasing in children and adolescents in Guangzhou, and it is higher in boys than in girls. It is more likely to become obesity at 10 years for boys, and for girls the prevalence decrease with age increasing.
本研究旨在探讨2007年至2011年广州儿童及青少年超重和肥胖患病率的长期趋势。
收集2007年至2011年期间中小学保健机构常规测量的体检数据。采用随机分层整群抽样，纳入来自4个区（天河区、越秀区、白云区和海珠区）19所中小学的所有5 - 18岁学生，2007年有27944名学生，2011年有38284名学生。采用中国肥胖问题工作组（WGOC）制定的体重指数参考标准和世界卫生组织的临界值标准进行超重和肥胖筛查，并分析其趋势。
儿童及青少年（7 - 18岁）肥胖患病率从2007年的5.96%（1553/26055）显著增加至2011年的6.56%（2339/35664），差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=9.195，P < 0.05）。超重和肥胖在男孩中比女孩更常见（超重：2007年为13.25%（1766/13329），2011年为13.87%（2559/18451）；肥胖：2007年为7.82%（1042/13329），2011年为8.63%（1592/18451）），而女孩超重率2007年为7.43%（946/12726），2011年为8.17%（1406/17213）；肥胖率2007年为4.11%（523/12726），2011年为4.48%（771/17213），差异有统计学意义（超重：2007年χ(2)=236.123，2011年χ(2)=292.892；肥胖：2007年χ(2)=158.533，2011年χ(2)=247.794。所有P值< 0.05）。进一步分析发现，16岁和17岁男孩以及12岁女孩患病率显著增加（男孩：16岁，χ(2)=6.820，P < 0.05。17岁，χ(2)=4.893，P < 0.05。女孩：12岁，χ(2)=5.921，P < 0.05）。
连接点回归显示，10岁以下男孩患病率随年龄增长而增加（2007年，年度百分比变化率（APC）=3.75；2011年，APC =1.76），而10岁以上男孩患病率随年龄增长而下降（2007年，10 - 18岁的APC = - 18.58；2011年，10 - 18岁的APC = - 15.95）。2007年，7 - 9岁女孩肥胖患病率随年龄增长而增加（APC =12.16），9至18岁随年龄增长而下降（APC = - 17.23）。2011年女孩患病率随年龄增长而下降（APC = - 4.66）。
广州儿童及青少年肥胖患病率较高且仍在上升，男孩高于女孩。男孩在10岁时更易肥胖，女孩患病率随年龄增长而下降。
