Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
Biomolecules. 2013 Feb 21;3(1):198-225. doi: 10.3390/biom3010198.
A large variety of glycans is intricately located on the cell surface, and the overall profile (the glycome, given the entire repertoire of glycoconjugate-associated sugars in cells and tissues) is believed to be crucial for the diverse roles of glycans, which are mediated by specific interactions that control cell-cell adhesion, immune response, microbial pathogenesis and other cellular events. The glycomic profile also reflects cellular alterations, such as development, differentiation and cancerous change. A glycoconjugate-based approach would therefore be expected to streamline discovery of novel cellular biomarkers. Development of such an approach has proven challenging, due to the technical difficulties associated with the analysis of various types of cellular glycomes; however, recent progress in the development of analytical methodologies and strategies has begun to clarify the cellular glycomics of various classes of glycoconjugates. This review focuses on recent advances in the technical aspects of cellular glycomic analyses of major classes of glycoconjugates, including N- and O-linked glycans, derived from glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycosphingolipids. Articles that unveil the glycomics of various biologically important cells, including embryonic and somatic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and cancer cells, are discussed.
大量的聚糖错综复杂地位于细胞表面，整体图谱（糖组学，即细胞和组织中糖缀合物相关糖的全部谱）被认为对聚糖的多种功能至关重要，这些功能通过特定的相互作用来介导，这些相互作用控制着细胞-细胞黏附、免疫反应、微生物发病机制和其他细胞事件。糖组学图谱还反映了细胞的变化，如发育、分化和癌变。因此，基于糖缀合物的方法有望简化新型细胞生物标志物的发现。由于分析各种类型细胞糖组学相关的技术困难，这种方法的开发被证明具有挑战性；然而，分析方法和策略的最新进展已经开始阐明各种糖缀合物类别的细胞糖组学。这篇综述重点介绍了细胞糖组学分析主要糖缀合物类别的技术方面的最新进展，包括来自糖蛋白、蛋白聚糖和糖脂的 N-和 O-连接聚糖。讨论了揭示各种具有重要生物学意义的细胞（包括胚胎和体细胞干细胞、诱导多能干细胞（iPS 细胞）和癌细胞）糖组学的文章。
