Dahmardehei Mostafa, Behmanesh Poor Fatemeh, Mollashahi Gholamreza, Moallemi Sedigheh
Department of Plastic Surgery, Zahedan University of Medical Scinces, Zahedan, IR Iran.
Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Zahedan University of Medical Scinces, Zahedan, IR Iran.
Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2014 Mar 10;3(1):e13170. doi: 10.5812/ijhrba.13170. eCollection 2014 Mar.
Self-immolation is a high risk behavior and a way of life termination. Self-immolation, as the most painful of all forms of suicide, is not a common form of suicide in European countries. However, it is highly prevalent in developing countries particularly in Asia and Africa.
The aim of this study was to assess the rate and leading factors of self-immolation and gender, geographical distribution, and social norms of affected patients referred to Khatamolanbia Hospital of Zahedan from March 2010 to May 2012.
This descriptive and objective-based study was cross-sectional and retrospective with 750 burn patients; 315 of them had attempted self-immolation and most of them died. The data collection tool was a two partite questionnaire consisting of 17 questions (8 questions about personal details and 9 questions about self-immolation factors).
350 self-immolations resulting in death were reported in this study; these subjects were 16-25 years old, 67.25% female, 63.55% elementary school education, 74.20% married, 69.10% housewife, 61.05% resident of Saravan, 93.35% oil burns, 72.30% middle and low social class, 90.20% burn over 68%, 20% psychiatric illness history and being treated with antidepressants, 73.25% verbal and physical violence before burning, and 100% of the burnings took place inside a house and usually during the afternoon.
Due to the high rate of self-immolations in this area, solutions for improvement of life quality and social norms should be reviewed and implemented.
自焚是一种高风险行为，也是一种结束生命的方式。自焚作为所有自杀形式中最痛苦的一种，在欧洲国家并非常见的自杀形式。然而，它在发展中国家，尤其是亚洲和非洲极为普遍。
本研究旨在评估2010年3月至2012年5月转诊至扎黑丹的哈塔莫兰比亚医院的自焚患者的自焚发生率、主要因素以及患者的性别、地理分布和社会规范。
本描述性、基于目标的研究为横断面回顾性研究，涉及750名烧伤患者；其中315人曾试图自焚，且大多数死亡。数据收集工具是一份由17个问题组成的两部分问卷（8个关于个人细节的问题和9个关于自焚因素的问题）。
本研究报告了350起因自焚导致死亡的案例；这些对象年龄在16至25岁之间，67.25%为女性，63.55%接受过小学教育，74.20%已婚，69.10%为家庭主妇，61.05%来自萨拉万，93.35%为油烧伤，72.30%属于中低社会阶层，90.20%烧伤面积超过68%，20%有精神疾病史且正在接受抗抑郁药治疗，73.25%在自焚前遭受过言语和身体暴力，100%的自焚事件发生在房屋内，且通常在下午。
鉴于该地区自焚发生率较高，应审视并实施改善生活质量和社会规范的解决方案。
