Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2012 Sep-Oct;34(5):552-6. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.03.015. Epub 2012 May 1.
Over the last decade, charcoal burning has become a common method of suicide in Taiwan; however, the underlying psychiatric diagnoses and gender differences have yet to be examined.
We conducted a retrospective chart review on inpatients after suicide attempt by charcoal burning during 2000-2010. The patients were referred to the psychiatric consultation team and diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV. We chose those who were admitted to the nephrology ward in the same period due to accidental carbon monoxide intoxication as controls. Demographic and laboratory data, psychiatric diagnoses and reasons for suicide were obtained and analyzed.
Among seventy-three patients, major depressive disorder (49.3%) and adjustment disorder (41.1%) were most frequently diagnosed. Breaking-up, financial debt and physical/mental illnesses were the top three reasons for suicide (17.8% each). The male-to-female gender ratio was 1.5:1. Female patients had higher rates of major depressive disorders, while male patients presented more adjustment disorders comorbid with alcohol use disorders.
There were gender differences in patients of suicide attempt by charcoal burning, in terms of demographic profiles and psychiatric diagnoses. Suicide risk assessment and prevention should be tailored by gender.
在过去十年中，台湾的烧炭自杀已成为一种常见的自杀方式，但潜在的精神科诊断和性别差异尚未得到研究。
我们对 2000 年至 2010 年间因烧炭自杀而被转介到精神科会诊的住院患者进行了回顾性病历审查。根据 DSM-IV 进行诊断。我们选择了同期因意外一氧化碳中毒而被收治在肾病科病房的患者作为对照组。收集并分析了人口统计学和实验室数据、精神科诊断和自杀原因。
在 73 名患者中，最常见的诊断是重度抑郁症（49.3%）和适应障碍（41.1%）。分手、财务债务和身体/精神疾病是自杀的前三大原因（各占 17.8%）。男女比例为 1.5:1。女性患者中重度抑郁症的发生率较高，而男性患者则更多地表现为伴有酒精使用障碍的适应障碍。
烧炭自杀未遂患者在人口统计学特征和精神科诊断方面存在性别差异。自杀风险评估和预防应根据性别进行调整。
