Leonard Alecia J, Chalmers Kerry A, Collins Clare E, Patterson Amanda J
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Appetite. 2014 Oct;81:225-31. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.021. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
Previous research on the relationships between general nutrition knowledge and dietary intake, and dietary iron intake and iron status has produced inconsistent results. Currently, no study has focused on knowledge of dietary iron and its effect on dietary iron intake.
This study aimed to determine whether nutrition knowledge of iron is related to dietary iron intake in young women, and subsequently whether greater knowledge and intake translates into better iron status.
A cross-sectional assessment of nutrition knowledge of iron, dietary iron intake and iron status was conducted in women aged 18-35 years living in Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Iron status was assessed by serum ferritin, haemoglobin, soluble transferrin receptor and alpha-1-glycoprotein.
One hundred and seven women (27.8 ± 4.7 years) completed the nutrition knowledge questionnaire and FFQ. Of these, 74 (70%) also had biomarkers of iron status measured. Mean iron intake was 11.2 ± 3.8 mg/day. There was no association between nutrition knowledge score and whether the women met the RDI for iron (F (1, 102) = .40, P = .53). A positive correlation was shown between nutrition knowledge score and iron intake (mg/day) (r = 0.25, P = .01). Serum ferritin was positively associated with the frequency of flesh food intake (r = .27 P = .02). Vegetarians (including partial vegetarians) had significantly lower serum ferritin levels than non-vegetarians (F (1, 71) = 7.44, P = .01).
Significant positive correlations found between higher flesh food intake and biomarkers of iron status suggest that educating non-vegetarians about the benefits of increased flesh food consumption and vegetarians about dietary iron enhancers and inhibitors may have potential for addressing the high rates of iron deficiency among young women.
先前关于一般营养知识与饮食摄入量、饮食铁摄入量与铁状态之间关系的研究结果并不一致。目前，尚无研究聚焦于饮食铁知识及其对饮食铁摄入量的影响。
本研究旨在确定年轻女性对铁的营养知识是否与饮食铁摄入量相关，以及更多的知识和摄入量是否会转化为更好的铁状态。
对居住在澳大利亚新南威尔士州纽卡斯尔的18 - 35岁女性进行了关于铁的营养知识、饮食铁摄入量和铁状态的横断面评估。通过血清铁蛋白、血红蛋白、可溶性转铁蛋白受体和α-1-糖蛋白评估铁状态。
107名女性（27.8 ± 4.7岁）完成了营养知识问卷和食物频率问卷。其中，74名（70%）还进行了铁状态生物标志物检测。平均铁摄入量为11.2 ± 3.8毫克/天。营养知识得分与女性是否达到铁的推荐膳食摄入量之间无关联（F(1, 102) = 0.40，P = 0.53）。营养知识得分与铁摄入量（毫克/天）呈正相关（r = 0.25，P = 0.01）。血清铁蛋白与肉类食物摄入频率呈正相关（r = 0.27，P = 0.02）。素食者（包括部分素食者）的血清铁蛋白水平显著低于非素食者（F(1, 71) = 7.44，P = 0.01）。
较高的肉类食物摄入量与铁状态生物标志物之间存在显著正相关，这表明向非素食者宣传增加肉类食物消费的益处，向素食者宣传饮食中铁的增强剂和抑制剂，可能有助于解决年轻女性中铁缺乏率较高的问题。
