Wardrop R W, Hailes J, Burger H, Reade P C
Department of Dental Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989 May;67(5):535-40. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(89)90269-7.
The relationship between oral discomfort and menopause was assessed in 149 women who were divided into three groups determined by response to a questionnaire. The groups consisted of 50 premenopausal women (30 to 43 years old), 47 menopausal women not receiving medical treatment for symptoms of menopause (37 to 66 years old), and 52 menopausal women attending a menopause clinic before and during treatment for menopausal symptoms (30 to 63 years old). The last group had a general medical assessment, including psychological and oral examinations with oral smears and cultures, and the following blood tests: full blood examination, follicle-stimulating hormone, oestradiol, folate, vitamin B12, iron, and total iron binding capacity. Of this last group, 33% reported oral discomfort but had no obvious organic abnormalities that could account for this symptom. The prevalence of oral discomfort was found to be significantly higher in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (43%) than in premenopausal women (6%). The results also showed an association between oral discomfort and psychological symptoms in menopausal women. Approximately two thirds of the menopausal women with oral discomfort, but without oral clinical signs, found that this symptom was relieved after hormone replacement therapy. The results indicated that oral discomfort is a common symptom of menopause, that it often occurs without overt clinical signs, and that it frequently resolves during appropriate hormone replacement therapy.
对149名女性进行了口腔不适与更年期关系的评估，这些女性根据对问卷的回答被分为三组。这三组包括50名绝经前女性（30至43岁）、47名未因更年期症状接受治疗的绝经女性（37至66岁）以及52名在更年期症状治疗前后前往更年期诊所就诊的绝经女性（30至63岁）。最后一组进行了全面的医学评估，包括心理和口腔检查，以及口腔涂片和培养，还进行了以下血液检查：全血细胞检查、促卵泡生成素、雌二醇、叶酸、维生素B12、铁和总铁结合力。在最后一组中，33%的女性报告有口腔不适，但没有明显的器质性异常可以解释这种症状。结果发现，围绝经期和绝经后女性的口腔不适患病率（43%）显著高于绝经前女性（6%）。结果还显示，绝经女性的口腔不适与心理症状之间存在关联。大约三分之二有口腔不适但无口腔临床体征的绝经女性发现，激素替代治疗后这种症状有所缓解。结果表明，口腔不适是更年期的常见症状，通常在没有明显临床体征的情况下出现，并且在适当的激素替代治疗期间经常会缓解。
