Phillips S C
Department of Anatomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 May;98(3):553-60. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(89)90183-x.
Rats which received acetaldehyde by intraperitoneal injection on a single occasion sustained neural degeneration in the cerebral cortex detectable with both light and electron microscopy. The degeneration was more intense and included the hippocampus when acetaldehyde exposure was given on 5 consecutive days in the form of ethanol vapor inhalation and disulfiram injections. Pretreatment of animals with a combination 2.5 g lysine/kg plus 50 mg pyridoxyl phosphate/kg did not alter the degree of degeneration response to either a single injection of acetaldehyde or 5 days acetaldehyde treatment. Penicillamine injections (1.2 g/kg) did offer some (but not complete) cytoprotective value against the neurotoxicity of acetaldehyde. This cytoprotective action was effective at concentrations of acetaldehyde which are not distant from clinically observed concentrations.
单次腹腔注射乙醛的大鼠，在光镜和电镜下均能检测到大脑皮质的神经变性。当以乙醇蒸气吸入和双硫仑注射的形式连续5天给予乙醛暴露时，变性更强烈，且包括海马体。用2.5 g赖氨酸/千克加50 mg磷酸吡哆醛/千克的组合对动物进行预处理，并不会改变单次注射乙醛或5天乙醛处理后的变性反应程度。青霉胺注射（1.2 g/千克）确实对乙醛的神经毒性提供了一定（但不完整）的细胞保护作用。这种细胞保护作用在与临床观察到的浓度相差不远的乙醛浓度下是有效的。
