Zbinden B, Kaiser G
Chirurgische Universitäts-Kinderklinik der Universität Bern, Inselspital.
Z Kinderchir. 1989 Feb;44(1):3-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1042634.
From 1971 to 1982, 35 children with a depressed skull fracture (d.s.f.) were observed. Their data are used to trace specific aspects of aetiopathogenesis, characteristics, clinical picture, treatment and prognosis of d.s.f. in childhood and to propose guidelines for treatment and follow-ups. The most important causes were falls and road accidents. Celluloid ball fractures were observed mainly in infants and green-stick fractures in toddlers and schoolchildren, and the clinical diagnosis was possible in 70%. Skull defects following surgery did not change their size beyond the age of 1 year and should be covered as soon as possible. The outcome of mild d.s.f. is good, in d.s.f. with contusion the outcome depends on the severity of brain trauma, mental retardation and/or posttraumatic epilepsy being the most important sequels. The latter and mild types of d.s.f. with early seizures, dural tear or residual skull defects need further follow-up; EEG recordings are of some interest.
1971年至1982年期间，对35例儿童凹陷性颅骨骨折进行了观察。利用他们的数据来追踪儿童凹陷性颅骨骨折的病因发病机制、特征、临床表现、治疗和预后的具体方面，并提出治疗和随访指南。最重要的原因是跌倒和道路交通事故。赛璐珞球骨折主要见于婴儿，青枝骨折见于学步儿童和学龄儿童，70%的病例可做出临床诊断。手术后的颅骨缺损在1岁以后大小不再改变，应尽早进行覆盖。轻度凹陷性颅骨骨折的预后良好，伴有挫伤的凹陷性颅骨骨折的预后取决于脑损伤的严重程度，智力迟钝和/或创伤后癫痫是最重要的后遗症。后者以及伴有早期癫痫发作、硬脑膜撕裂或残留颅骨缺损的轻度凹陷性颅骨骨折类型需要进一步随访；脑电图记录有一定意义。
