Carnell Susan, Benson Leora, Driggin Elissa, Kolbe Laura
Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Int J Eat Disord. 2014 Nov;47(7):705-9. doi: 10.1002/eat.22324. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Eating behavior traits measured in early life predict eating behavior and weight trajectories later in development, and may be associated with certain parental feeding behaviors. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between a range of feeding behaviors, and preschoolers' appetitive traits.
Four hundred thirty-nine parents of UK 3-5 year olds completed scales measuring authoritarian vs. authoritative forms of limiting (Restriction vs. Monitoring) and promoting (Pressuring vs. Prompting) intake, as well as Emotional and Instrumental Feeding. Parents also completed scales measuring child Food responsiveness and Satiety responsiveness. Child BMI z-scores were calculated based on measured heights and weights.
Parental Restriction was significantly associated with greater child Food responsiveness (p < .001), but parental Monitoring was not. Parental Pressuring was significantly associated with greater child Satiety responsiveness (p < .001), while parental Prompting was not. Parental Instrumental and Emotional feeding were both associated with greater child Food responsiveness (p < .001). All relationships were independent of child BMI z-score.
Prospective data are needed to determine whether the parent-child feeding relationships identified here promote, or protect against, the development of eating pathology in children. However, our results suggest that cross-sectional associations depend on the style (e.g., authoritarian vs. authoritative), as well as the type of feeding behavior measured.
早年测量的饮食行为特征可预测后期发育中的饮食行为和体重轨迹，并且可能与某些父母的喂养行为有关。我们的目标是研究一系列喂养行为与学龄前儿童食欲特征之间的关系。
439名英国3至5岁儿童的父母完成了测量限制（限制与监督）和促进（施压与提示）摄入的专制与权威形式的量表，以及情感喂养和工具性喂养量表。父母还完成了测量儿童食物反应性和饱腹感反应性的量表。根据测量的身高和体重计算儿童BMI z评分。
父母的限制与儿童更高的食物反应性显著相关（p < 0.001），但父母的监督则不然。父母的施压与儿童更高的饱腹感反应性显著相关（p < 0.001），而父母的提示则不然。父母的工具性喂养和情感喂养都与儿童更高的食物反应性相关（p < 0.001）。所有关系均独立于儿童BMI z评分。
需要前瞻性数据来确定此处确定的亲子喂养关系是促进还是预防儿童饮食病理学的发展。然而，我们的结果表明，横断面关联取决于方式（例如，专制与权威）以及所测量的喂养行为类型。
