Nalliah Romesh P, Anderson Ingrid M, Lee Min Kyeong, Rampa Sankeerth, Allareddy Veerasathpurush, Allareddy Veerajalandhar
From the *Office of Dental Education, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA; †Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; ‡Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA; §College of Public Health, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX; and ∥Department of Dentistry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014 Jul;30(7):453-7. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000160.
The aim of this study was to provide nationally representative hospital-based emergency department (ED) estimate visits in children (aged ≤ 18 y) attributed to poisoning in the United States in 2008.
Nationwide Emergency Department Sample for the year 2008 was used. All ED visits among children (aged ≤ 18 y) with an external cause of injury for "poisoning" were selected for analysis. Demographic characteristics of the ED visits and outcomes examined included ED charges (EDCs), hospitalization charges (HCs), length of stay in hospital, and disposition after ED visit.
During the year 2008, a total of 191,197 ED visits were attributed to poisoning with close to 56% of all ED visits occurring among those aged younger than 4 years. Boys comprised approximately 54% of all ED visits. After an ED visit, 87% were routinely discharged, and 7.3% were admitted into the same hospital. Forty-eight children died in the ED. The frequently reported poisonings included accidental poisoning by other drugs (44,219 ED visits); accidental poisoning by other gases and vapors (27,035 ED visits); and accidental poisoning by analgesics, antipyretics, and antirheumatics (22,334 ED visits). The mean EDC per visit was $1077. The total EDC across the entire United States was $171.8 million. Mean length of stay was 1.9 days. Among those who were hospitalized, the mean HC was $11,792. The total HC across the entire United States was $162.3 million.
The current study provides nationally representative estimates of ED visits attributed to poisoning among children in the United States. High-risk groups and economics associated with treating these injuries are estimated.
本研究旨在提供2008年美国以医院为基础的、具有全国代表性的18岁及以下儿童因中毒所致的急诊科就诊估计数据。
使用2008年全国急诊科样本。选取所有18岁及以下因“中毒”这一外部伤害原因而就诊于急诊科的儿童进行分析。所检查的急诊科就诊的人口统计学特征及结局包括急诊科费用（EDC）、住院费用（HC）、住院时间以及急诊科就诊后的处置情况。
2008年期间，共有191,197例急诊科就诊归因于中毒，其中近56%的急诊科就诊发生在4岁以下儿童中。男孩约占所有急诊科就诊病例的54%。急诊科就诊后，87%的患儿常规出院，7.3%的患儿入住同一家医院。48名儿童在急诊科死亡。最常报告的中毒类型包括其他药物意外中毒（44,219例急诊科就诊）；其他气体和蒸气意外中毒（27,035例急诊科就诊）；以及镇痛药、退热药和抗风湿药意外中毒（22,334例急诊科就诊）。每次就诊的平均急诊科费用为1077美元。全美国的急诊科总费用为1.718亿美元。平均住院时间为1.9天。在住院患儿中，平均住院费用为11,792美元。全美国的住院总费用为1.623亿美元。
本研究提供了美国儿童因中毒所致急诊科就诊的全国代表性估计数据。对高危群体以及治疗这些伤害的经济学情况进行了估计。
