Buckner Julia D, Zvolensky Michael J, Jeffries Emily R, Schmidt Norman B
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University.
Department of Psychology, University of Houston.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014 Aug;22(4):341-347. doi: 10.1037/a0037206. Epub 2014 Jun 30.
Although social anxiety is related to smoking and nicotine dependence, few researchers have sought to identify factors that contribute to these relations. The current study examined whether social anxiety was associated with cognitive vulnerability factors related to smoking: perceived barriers for quitting, cessation-related problems, negative-affect-reduction-outcome expectancies, and negative-affect-reduction motives. Further, we tested whether social anxiety was robustly related to these factors after controlling for cigarettes smoked per day, gender, alcohol-use frequency, lifetime cannabis-use status, panic attack frequency, anxiety sensitivity, and negative affectivity. The sample consisted of 580 (38.6% female) treatment-seeking smokers. Social anxiety was associated with perceived barriers for quitting, cessation-related problems, negative-affect-reduction-outcome expectancies, and negative-affect-reduction motives. After controlling for covariates, social anxiety was robustly related to perceived barriers for quitting, cessation-related problems, and negative-affect-reduction-outcome expectancies. Social anxiety was robustly related to negative-affect-reduction motives among men, but not women. Results indicate that social anxiety is robustly related to cognitive vulnerability factors associated with poorer cessation outcomes, suggesting that social anxiety may be an important therapeutic target during smoking cessation.
尽管社交焦虑与吸烟及尼古丁依赖有关，但很少有研究者试图找出导致这些关联的因素。本研究调查了社交焦虑是否与吸烟相关的认知易感性因素有关：戒烟的感知障碍、戒烟相关问题、消极情绪减轻结果预期以及消极情绪减轻动机。此外，在控制了每日吸烟量、性别、饮酒频率、终生大麻使用状况、惊恐发作频率、焦虑敏感性和消极情感性之后，我们测试了社交焦虑是否与这些因素有强烈关联。样本包括580名寻求治疗的吸烟者（女性占38.6%）。社交焦虑与戒烟的感知障碍、戒烟相关问题、消极情绪减轻结果预期以及消极情绪减轻动机有关。在控制协变量后，社交焦虑与戒烟的感知障碍、戒烟相关问题以及消极情绪减轻结果预期有强烈关联。社交焦虑在男性中与消极情绪减轻动机有强烈关联，但在女性中并非如此。结果表明，社交焦虑与较差戒烟结果相关的认知易感性因素有强烈关联，这表明社交焦虑可能是戒烟期间一个重要的治疗靶点。
