Mackner Laura M, Ruff Jessica M, Vannatta Kathryn
Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014 Oct;59(4):487-92. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000473.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents challenges for self-management in many areas. A peer mentoring program may offer advantages over other forms of self-management interventions because youth may be more receptive to learning self-management skills from a peer than from a parent or professional. The purpose of the present study was to identify themes from focus groups to inform development of a peer mentoring program for improving self-management in pediatric IBD.
Focus groups were conducted for youth ages 12 to 17, stratified by age (3 groups; n = 14), young adults ages 18 to 20 (1 group; n = 5), and parents of the youth (3 groups; n = 17). Broad questions covered program goals, general program characteristics, mentor/mentee characteristics, and family involvement, and transcriptions were analyzed via directed content analysis, with the a priori codes specified as the broad questions above.
Participants identified the primary goals of a program as support, role model, information/education, and fun. They described a program that would include a year-long, 1-on-1 mentor relationship with a peer who has had IBD for at least a year, educational group activities, fun activities that are not focused on IBD, expectations for in-person contact 1 to 2 times per month, and mentor-to-mentor and parent support.
Many of the suggestions from the focus groups correspond with research findings associated with successful mentoring programs. Using participants' suggestions and empirically based best practices for mentoring may result in an effective peer mentoring program for improving self-management in youth with IBD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）在许多方面给自我管理带来挑战。同伴指导计划可能比其他形式的自我管理干预措施更具优势，因为青少年可能更容易从同伴那里学到自我管理技能，而不是从父母或专业人员那里。本研究的目的是从焦点小组中确定主题，为制定一项改善儿科IBD自我管理的同伴指导计划提供信息。
针对12至17岁的青少年、18至20岁的青年成年人以及青少年的父母进行了焦点小组访谈。12至17岁的青少年按年龄分层分为3组（n = 14），18至20岁的青年成年人分为1组（n = 5），青少年的父母分为3组（n = 17）。广泛的问题涵盖项目目标、一般项目特征、导师/学员特征以及家庭参与情况，通过定向内容分析对访谈记录进行分析，将上述广泛问题指定为先验编码。
参与者确定项目的主要目标是支持、榜样、信息/教育和乐趣。他们描述的项目包括与患有IBD至少一年的同伴建立为期一年的一对一指导关系、教育性小组活动、不专注于IBD的趣味活动、每月面对面接触1至2次的期望以及导师之间和家长的支持。
焦点小组提出的许多建议与成功的指导计划相关的研究结果一致。利用参与者的建议和基于经验的最佳指导实践，可能会产生一个有效的同伴指导计划，以改善IBD青少年的自我管理。
