Owais A I, Abu Alhaija E S, Oweis R R, Al-Khateeb S N
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, Tel: (319) 335-7478; e-mail:
Oral Health Dent Manag. 2014 Jun;13(2):330-5.
To determine the most common maxillary and mandibular arch form and size in primary dentition stage.
Four hundred thirty five preschool children were included in this study with an age range of 3.5-5.5 years old. Dental casts were digitized and landmarks for the measurements were identified and marked on each model. Ten points were determined on the dental arch. Measurements of the x and y coordinates of the 10 points of each dental cast image were plotted on a computer software to obtain the polynomial function that best describes the curve corresponding to the dental arch form.
Three arch forms were observed; square, oval and tapered. The most common arch form observed in the primary dentition was the oval form (52%) followed by the square and tapered arch forms (29% and 19%, respectively). Gender differences were not detected. In the maxilla, the most common arch form was the oval (58.4%) arch whereas the square arch form (46.7%) was the most common in the mandible. The medium size arch form was the most common size in both mandible (83%) and maxilla (71.5%) and for the total sample (77%). Differences in arch form size distribution were detected (P<0.000). Small size arch form was more common in females compared to males in the maxilla and total sample (P<0.000). Intercanine width was significantly smaller in the tapered arch form compared to oval arch form (P=0.048). In both arches, intercanine and intermolar widths were significantly larger in males compared to females.
The most common arch forms in the maxilla and mandible were the medium sized oval and square forms, respectively. Intercanine width was the smallest in the tapered arch form. Intercanine and intermolar widths were affected by gender.
确定乳牙列期最常见的上颌和下颌牙弓形态及大小。
本研究纳入435名3.5至5.5岁的学龄前儿童。将牙模数字化，并在每个模型上识别和标记测量的标志点。在牙弓上确定10个点。将每个牙模图像上10个点的x和y坐标测量值绘制在计算机软件上，以获得最能描述对应牙弓形态曲线的多项式函数。
观察到三种牙弓形态；方形、椭圆形和尖圆形。乳牙列中观察到的最常见牙弓形态是椭圆形（52%），其次是方形和尖圆形牙弓形态（分别为29%和19%）。未检测到性别差异。在上颌，最常见的牙弓形态是椭圆形（58.4%），而在下颌，方形牙弓形态（46.7%）最常见。中等大小牙弓形态在下颌（83%）和上颌（71.5%）以及总样本（77%）中最为常见。检测到牙弓形态大小分布存在差异（P<0.000）。在上颌和总样本中，小尺寸牙弓形态在女性中比男性更常见（P<0.000）。与椭圆形牙弓形态相比，尖圆形牙弓形态的犬间宽度明显更小（P=0.048）。在两个牙弓中，男性的犬间和磨牙间宽度均明显大于女性。
上颌和下颌最常见的牙弓形态分别是中等大小的椭圆形和方形。尖圆形牙弓形态的犬间宽度最小。犬间和磨牙间宽度受性别影响。
