Gibbs Graham W, Labrèche France, Busque Marc-Antoine, Duguay Patrice
From the Safety Health Environment International Consultants Corp. (Dr Gibbs), Devon, and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta; Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health and of Social and Preventive Medicine (Dr Labrèche), Université de Montréal; and Institut de Recherche Robert Sauvé en Santé et en Securité du Travail (Dr Labrèche, Mr Busque, and Mr Duguay), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Occup Environ Med. 2014 Jul;56(7):739-64. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000175.
To determine the mortality and cancer incidence of aluminum smelter workers.
The experience of 17,089 workers between 1950 and 2004 was studied.
There were 25 deaths/47 female incident cancers and 6350 deaths/3984 male incident cancers. Mortality was significantly elevated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer disease (likely influenced by regional factors), all cancers, stomach, bladder, and lung cancers. Incidence was significantly elevated for bladder, lung, and laryngeal cancers. Digestive, lung, and bladder cancer mortality and lung, bladder, and buccal cancer incidence increased significantly with benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) exposure. Over time lung cancer risk has diminished but bladder cancer risk has not.
Bladder cancer incidence was not increased at B(a)P exposures below 40 μg/m·yr. Occupational origins for other cancers occurring above expected rates but probably unrelated to B(a)P exposure cannot be excluded. In the prebake plant, nonsignificant increases of lung cancer were observed between 2000 and 2004.
确定铝冶炼工人的死亡率和癌症发病率。
研究了1950年至2004年间17089名工人的情况。
有25例死亡/47例女性新发癌症以及6350例死亡/3984例男性新发癌症。慢性阻塞性肺疾病、阿尔茨海默病（可能受区域因素影响）、所有癌症、胃癌、膀胱癌和肺癌的死亡率显著升高。膀胱癌、肺癌和喉癌的发病率显著升高。消化、肺和膀胱癌的死亡率以及肺、膀胱和颊癌的发病率随苯并(a)芘（B(a)P）暴露量显著增加。随着时间推移，肺癌风险降低，但膀胱癌风险未降低。
在B(a)P暴露量低于40μg/m·年时，膀胱癌发病率未增加。不能排除高于预期发生率的其他癌症的职业起源，但可能与B(a)P暴露无关。在预焙厂，2000年至2004年间观察到肺癌有不显著增加。
