State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2014;48(15):8465-73. doi: 10.1021/es500660z. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
To examine the impacts of urbanization and industrialization on the coastal environment, sediment samples were collected from an urbanized coastal zone (i.e., Daya Bay and Hong Kong waters of South China) and analyzed for 20 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 10 alternative halogenated flame retardants (AHFRs). The sum concentration of PBDEs was in the range of 1.7-55 (mean: 17) ng g(-1), suggesting a moderate pollution level compared to the global range. The higher fractions of AHFRs (i.e., TBB+TBPH, BTBPE and DBDPE) than those of legacy PBDEs (i.e., penta-BDE, octa-BDE and deca-BDE) corresponded with the phasing out of PBDEs and increasing demand for AHFRs. Heavy contamination occurred at the estuary of Dan'ao River flowing through the Daya Bay Economic Zone, home to a variety of petrochemicals and electronics manufacturing facilities. The concentrations of HFRs in surface sediments of Hong Kong were the highest in Victoria Harbor, which receives around 1.4 million tons of primarily treated sewage daily, and a good relationship (r(2) = 0.80; p < 0.0001) between the HFR concentration and population density in each council district was observed, highlighting the effect of urbanization. Moreover, the AHFR concentrations were significantly correlated (r(2) > 0.73; p < 0.05) with the production volume of electronic devices, production value of electronic industries and population size, demonstrating the importance of industrializing and urbanizing processes in dictating the historical input patterns of AHFRs.
为了研究城市化和工业化对沿海环境的影响，从一个城市化的沿海地区（即大亚湾和华南的香港水域）采集了沉积物样本，并对 20 种多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和 10 种替代卤代阻燃剂（AHFRs）进行了分析。PBDEs 的总浓度范围为 1.7-55（平均值：17）ng/g，与全球范围相比，这表明处于中度污染水平。AHFRs（即 TBB+TBPH、BTBPE 和 DBDPE）的较高比例高于传统 PBDEs（即五溴联苯醚、八溴联苯醚和十溴联苯醚），这与 PBDEs 的逐步淘汰和 AHFRs 的需求增加相对应。在流经大亚湾经济区的丹澳河河口处，存在严重的污染，该经济区拥有各种石化和电子制造设施。香港地表沉积物中 HFRs 的浓度在维多利亚港最高，该港口每天接收约 140 万吨主要经处理的污水，而且在每个行政区中，HFR 浓度与人口密度之间存在良好的关系（r²=0.80；p<0.0001），这突出了城市化的影响。此外，AHFR 浓度与电子设备的产量、电子工业的产值和人口规模呈显著相关（r²>0.73；p<0.05），这表明工业化和城市化进程在决定 AHFRs 的历史输入模式方面非常重要。
