Food Technology Department, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2014 Sep;58(9):1809-19. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400124. Epub 2014 Jul 2.
In the present study, the individual colonic metabolism of the main components of the virgin olive oil phenolic fraction was evaluated by an in vitro model using human faecal microbiota. To assess differences in metabolism related to the molecular structure, four phenolic standards were selected, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate and oleuropein. After studying the in vitro colonic metabolism pathways of the individual phenols, the presence of their colonic metabolites was investigated in human faecal samples obtained before and after the sustained intake (3 weeks) of a daily dose of 25 mL of a phenol-enriched olive oil.
The in vitro colon fermentation of the four individual phenolic compounds revealed (i) an increase in phenolic acids, (ii) the stability of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol and (iii) the high degradation of hydroxytyrosol acetate and oleuropein. Additionally, a moderate intake of a phenol-rich olive oil raised the concentration in human faeces of free hydroxytyrosol and phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids.
The products of colonic catabolism of olive oil phenolic compounds could be good candidates for novel preventive strategies and open a promising line of research into the preventive action of olive oil phenols in colon and other bowel diseases.
在本研究中，通过使用人类粪便微生物群的体外模型，评估了初榨橄榄油酚类部分的主要成分在个体结肠中的代谢情况。为了评估与分子结构相关的代谢差异，选择了四种酚类标准品，即酪醇、羟基酪醇、羟基酪醇乙酸酯和橄榄苦苷。在研究了个体酚类物质的体外结肠代谢途径后，在持续摄入（3 周）每日 25 毫升富含酚类的橄榄油前后，检测了人粪便样本中这些结肠代谢产物的存在情况。
四种单体酚类化合物的体外结肠发酵揭示了（i）酚酸的增加，（ii）羟基酪醇和酪醇的稳定性，以及（iii）羟基酪醇乙酸酯和橄榄苦苷的高度降解。此外，适度摄入富含酚类的橄榄油可提高人粪便中游离羟基酪醇、苯乙酸和苯丙酸的浓度。
橄榄油酚类化合物结肠代谢产物可能是新型预防策略的良好候选物，并为橄榄油酚类物质在结肠和其他肠道疾病中的预防作用开辟了一条有前途的研究路线。
