Wolfram G
Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft, Technische Universität München, Bundesrepublik, Deutschland.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1989 Apr 14;101(8):300-3.
The use of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) in lipid malabsorption and lipoproteinlipase deficiency is well established. It is known from experiments in animals and humans that after parenteral administration MCT are rapidly hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase in plasma. The liberated medium-chain fatty acids are taken up independently of carnitine by mitochondria and oxidized to CO2 in extrahepatic tissues more rapidly than long-chain fatty acids. Medium-chain fatty acids are ketogenic, and consequently both medium-chain fatty acids and ketones are carnitine-independent energy carriers for different tissues. By simultaneously infusing glucose the risk of ketoacidosis can be minimizes. MCT in parenteral nutrition is a substrate which provides high-density energy without problems regarding osmolality or renal losses and with less interference to the reticulohistiocytes of the immune system. On the basis of these metabolic and functional properties MCT represent a valuable additional energy source in total parenteral nutrition.
中链甘油三酯（MCT）在脂质吸收不良和脂蛋白脂肪酶缺乏症中的应用已得到充分证实。从动物和人体实验可知，经肠胃外给药后，MCT会被血浆中的脂蛋白脂肪酶迅速水解。释放出的中链脂肪酸可独立于肉碱被线粒体摄取，并在肝外组织中比长链脂肪酸更快地氧化为二氧化碳。中链脂肪酸具有生酮作用，因此中链脂肪酸和酮都是不同组织中不依赖肉碱的能量载体。通过同时输注葡萄糖，可将酮酸中毒的风险降至最低。肠胃外营养中的MCT是一种底物，它能提供高密度能量，不存在渗透压或肾脏损失方面的问题，且对免疫系统的网状组织细胞干扰较小。基于这些代谢和功能特性，MCT是全肠胃外营养中有价值的额外能量来源。
