Marcelli Emanuela, Costantino Maria Laura, Villa Tomaso, Bagnoli Paola, Zannoli Romano, Corazza Ivan, Cercenelli Laura
Associate Professor, Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Full Professor, Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta," Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Prosthet Dent. 2014 Nov;112(5):1201-11. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.05.005. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
Metal ceramic systems are used for the majority of dental crowns and fixed dental prostheses. However, problems with porcelain bonding are encountered when titanium is used as the substrate.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intermediate calcium oxide-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2-CaO) coatings deposited by cold thermal spraying on the titanium-porcelain bonding in dental restorations.
Two different types of ZrO2-CaO coatings obtained by oxyacetylene cold thermal spraying deposition were applied on commercially pure titanium bars before adding the porcelain layer. Type 1 was obtained by directly spraying the ZrO2-CaO powder on the titanium substrate. Type 2 was obtained by spraying a bond coat of nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy before spraying the ZrO2-CaO powder. Three-point bend tests according to International Organization of Standardization 9693-1:2012 were carried out to evaluate the debonding strength for the ZrO2-CaO-coated specimens (types 1 and 2) in comparison with a noncoated group (control), which received a traditional bonder-based adhesive technique. The results were compared with ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test for pairwise comparisons. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion spectroscopy were used to examine the interfacial properties and the failure mode of each group.
Mean (±standard deviation) debonding strength values for type 1 coating (25.97 ±2.53 MPa) and control (23.51 ±2.94 MPa) were near the acceptable lower limit of 25 MPa indicated by the International Organization of Standardization 9693-1:2012 and were not significantly different (Student-Newman-Keuls test, P>.05). Type 2 coating produced an improved titanium-porcelain bonding (debonding strength=39.47 ±4.12 MPa), significantly higher than both type 1 (Student-Newman-Keuls test, P<.05) and control (Student-Newman-Keuls test, P<.05). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersion spectroscopy analysis confirmed these findings, which revealed a predominant cohesive failure mode for type 2.
An intermediate coating layer of ZrO2-CaO plus a substrate of bonding nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy applied by oxyacetylene cold thermal spraying deposition provided an improved titanium-porcelain bond.
金属陶瓷系统被用于大多数牙冠和固定义齿。然而，当使用钛作为基底时，会遇到瓷结合的问题。
本研究的目的是评估通过冷热喷涂沉积的中间氧化钙稳定氧化锆（ZrO₂ - CaO）涂层对牙科修复体中钛 - 瓷结合的影响。
在添加瓷层之前，将通过氧乙炔冷热喷涂沉积获得的两种不同类型的ZrO₂ - CaO涂层应用于商业纯钛棒上。类型1是通过将ZrO₂ - CaO粉末直接喷涂在钛基底上获得的。类型2是通过在喷涂ZrO₂ - CaO粉末之前先喷涂镍 - 铝 - 钼合金粘结涂层获得的。根据国际标准化组织9693 - 1:2012进行三点弯曲试验，以评估ZrO₂ - CaO涂层试样（类型1和类型2）与未涂层组（对照组，采用传统的基于粘结剂的粘结技术）的脱粘强度。结果通过方差分析进行比较，随后进行Student - Newman - Keuls检验进行两两比较。使用扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析来检查每组的界面性能和失效模式。
类型1涂层（25.97±2.53 MPa）和对照组（23.51±2.94 MPa）的平均（±标准差）脱粘强度值接近国际标准化组织9693 - 1:2012规定的可接受下限25 MPa，且无显著差异（Student - Newman - Keuls检验，P＞0.05）。类型2涂层产生了改善的钛 - 瓷结合（脱粘强度 = 39.47±4.12 MPa），显著高于类型1（Student - Newman - Keuls检验，P＜0.05）和对照组（Student - Newman - Keuls检验，P＜0.05）。扫描电子显微镜 - 能谱分析证实了这些发现，显示类型2主要为内聚破坏模式。
通过氧乙炔冷热喷涂沉积施加的ZrO₂ - CaO中间涂层以及粘结镍 - 铝 - 钼合金基底提供了改善的钛 - 瓷结合。
