Ergen E, Açikada C, Hazir T, Güner R, Çilli M, Ergün Acar Y
Baskent University School of Health Sciences Sports Sciences Department, Ankara, Turkey and World Archery, Lausanne, Switzerland -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015 Sep;55(9):995-1003. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of benzodiazepine on shooting performance and its components in archers. In order to evaluate the possible effects of benzodiazepine, performance related parameters of body sway, mechanical clicker reaction time, aiming behavior and heart rate values were measured.
Subjects were 24 (10 females and 14 males) archers competing at international events and trained at least 4 years. Each archer was requested to perform under normal, placebo, and the influence of benzodiazepine (diazepam 5 mg, oral). Thus, each archer competed as control, placebo and benzodiazepine under double blind crossover design. The competition was especially designed to simulate competition environment by having archers shooting in doubles each time, on a specifically designed platforms. One platform was mounted on two force plates, where all the data related to shooting and body swaying was collected. The second platform was a dummy platform, to provide the second subject with similar feelings as the subject on the first platform. With this set of data collection, the archers were asked to compete 6 times each in changing rounds, where they had 24 shots in each competition. Repeated measure of ANOVA was used to compare the differences between control, placebo and benzodiazepine shots.
Results showed that there was no difference in shooting scores, resting heart rate, shooting heart rate, aiming behavior (aiming displacement in x and y axis on the target), the amount of changes in the center of pressure both in terms of displacement and velocity (front and rear foot), clicker reaction time between control, placebo and 5 mg diazepam administration shots.
It can be concluded that the use of 5 mg diazepam has no effect on shooting performance and related parameters on archers in an artificially conducted competition environment.
本研究旨在调查苯二氮䓬对弓箭手射击成绩及其各组成部分的影响。为了评估苯二氮䓬的可能作用，测量了与身体晃动、机械发声器反应时间、瞄准行为和心率值等与成绩相关的参数。
研究对象为24名（10名女性和14名男性）参加国际赛事且训练至少4年的弓箭手。要求每位弓箭手在正常、安慰剂以及苯二氮䓬（地西泮5毫克，口服）影响下进行射击。因此，每位弓箭手在双盲交叉设计下分别作为对照组、安慰剂组和苯二氮䓬组进行比赛。该比赛经过特别设计，让弓箭手每次两人一组在专门设计的平台上射击，以模拟比赛环境。一个平台安装在两个测力板上，收集所有与射击和身体晃动相关的数据。第二个平台是虚拟平台，为第二名受试者提供与第一个平台上的受试者相似的感受。通过这套数据收集方式，要求弓箭手在不同轮次中各比赛6次，每次比赛射击24箭。采用重复测量方差分析来比较对照组、安慰剂组和苯二氮䓬组射击之间的差异。
结果显示，在对照组、安慰剂组和服用5毫克地西泮组的射击成绩、静息心率、射击心率、瞄准行为（目标上x和y轴的瞄准位移）、压力中心在位移和速度方面（前脚和后脚）的变化量以及发声器反应时间方面均无差异。
可以得出结论，在人工模拟的比赛环境中，服用5毫克地西泮对弓箭手的射击成绩及相关参数没有影响。
