From the *Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sant' Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy; †Department of Radiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; ‡Department of Nuclear Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy.
Clin Nucl Med. 2015 Feb;40(2):e96-e103. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000512.
Dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system underlies many cardiac diseases and can be assessed by molecular imaging using SPECT tracers as I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG). The norepinephrine analog C-meta-hydroxyephedrine (HED) has been used with PET to map the regional distribution of cardiac sympathetic neurons. Hydroxyephedrine is rapidly transported into sympathetic neurons by the norepinephrine transporter and stored in vesicles. This review describes the mechanism of action, radiosynthesis, and application of HED in the assessment of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system in heart failure, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias. Noncardiac applications of HED in the clinical setting of sympathetic nervous system tumors and other emerging research applications are described.
交感神经系统功能障碍是许多心脏疾病的基础，可以通过 SPECT 示踪剂如 I-间碘苄胍（I-MIBG）进行分子影像学评估。去甲肾上腺素类似物 C-间羟麻黄碱（HED）已与 PET 一起用于绘制心脏交感神经元的区域分布。羟麻黄碱通过去甲肾上腺素转运体被迅速转运到交感神经元中，并储存在囊泡中。本综述描述了 HED 的作用机制、放射性合成以及在心力衰竭、心肌梗死和心律失常中心脏交感神经系统评估中的应用。还描述了 HED 在交感神经系统肿瘤等临床环境中的非心脏应用以及其他新兴的研究应用。
