Zheng Jianmin, Zhang Boheng, Yin Yiqing, Fang Taolin, Wei Ning, Lineaweaver William C, Zhang Feng
From the *Resident Training Program and †Department of Surgery at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; §Joseph M. Still Burn and Reconstructive Center, Jackson, MS; and ∥Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ann Plast Surg. 2015 Dec;75(6):672-8. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000000226.
Residency training is internationally recognized as the only way for the physicians to be qualified to practice independently. China has instituted a new residency training program for the specialty of plastic surgery. Meanwhile, plastic surgery residency training programs in the United States are presently in a transition because of restricted work hours. The purpose of this study is to compare the current characteristics of plastic surgery residency training in 2 countries.
Flow path, structure, curriculum, operative experience, research, and evaluation of training in 2 countries were measured. The number of required cases was compared quantitatively whereas other aspects were compared qualitatively.
Plastic surgery residency training programs in 2 countries differ regarding specific characteristics. Requirements to become a plastic surgery resident in the United States are more rigorous. Ownership structure of the regulatory agency for residency training in 2 countries is diverse. Training duration in the United States is more flexible. Clinical and research training is more practical and the method of evaluation of residency training is more reasonable in the United States. The job opportunities after residency differ substantially between 2 countries. Not every resident has a chance to be an independent surgeon and would require much more training time in China than it does in the United States.
Plastic surgery residency training programs in the United States and China have their unique characteristics. The training programs in the United States are more standardized. Both the United States and China may complement each other to create training programs that will ultimately provide high-quality care for all people.
住院医师培训在国际上被公认为医生获得独立执业资格的唯一途径。中国已针对整形外科专业设立了新的住院医师培训项目。与此同时，由于工作时间受限，美国的整形外科住院医师培训项目目前正处于转型期。本研究的目的是比较两国整形外科住院医师培训的当前特点。
对两国培训的流程、结构、课程、手术经验、研究及培训评估进行衡量。对所需病例数量进行定量比较，而对其他方面进行定性比较。
两国的整形外科住院医师培训项目在具体特点方面存在差异。在美国，成为整形外科住院医师的要求更为严格。两国住院医师培训监管机构的所有制结构各不相同。美国的培训时长更为灵活。美国的临床和研究培训更具实践性，住院医师培训的评估方法也更为合理。两国住院医师培训后的就业机会差异很大。在中国，并非每个住院医师都有机会成为独立外科医生，且所需的培训时间比美国长得多。
美国和中国的整形外科住院医师培训项目都有其独特之处。美国的培训项目更为标准化。美国和中国可以相互补充，制定出最终能为所有人提供高质量医疗服务的培训项目。
