Lee Bradley H, Hazarika Obhi D, Quitoriano Gabe R, Lin Nan, Leong Jason, Brosnan Heather, Chan John T, May Laura D V, Yu Damon, Alkhamisi Ashkan, Stratmann Greg, Sall Jeffrey W
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, United States.
University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, United States.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2014 Oct;37:87-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.06.016. Epub 2014 Jul 5.
With growing evidence that anesthesia exposure in infancy affects cognitive development, it is important to understand how distinct anesthetic agents and combinations can alter long-term memory. Investigations of neuronal death suggest that combining anesthetic agents increases the extent of neuronal injury. However, it is unclear how the use of simultaneously combined anesthetics affects cognitive outcome relative to the use of a single agent.
Postnatal day 7 (P7) male rats were administered either sevoflurane as a single agent or the combined delivery of sevoflurane with nitrous oxide at 1 Minimum Alveolar Concentration for 4 h. Behavior was assessed in adulthood using the forced alternating T-maze, social recognition, and context-specific object recognition tasks.
Animals exposed to either anesthetic were unimpaired in the forced alternating T-maze test and had intact social recognition. Subjects treated with the combined anesthetic displayed a deficit, however, in the object recognition task, while those treated with sevoflurane alone were unaffected.
A combined sevoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthetic led to a distinct behavioral outcome compared with sevoflurane alone, suggesting that the simultaneous use of multiple agents may uniquely influence early neural and cognitive development and potentially impacts associative memory.
越来越多的证据表明，婴儿期接触麻醉剂会影响认知发展，因此了解不同的麻醉剂及其组合如何改变长期记忆非常重要。对神经元死亡的研究表明，联合使用麻醉剂会增加神经元损伤的程度。然而，相对于单一麻醉剂的使用，同时联合使用麻醉剂如何影响认知结果尚不清楚。
对出生后第7天（P7）的雄性大鼠，要么单独给予七氟醚，要么以1个最低肺泡浓度将七氟醚与一氧化二氮联合给药4小时。成年后使用强迫交替T迷宫、社会识别和特定情境物体识别任务评估行为。
暴露于任何一种麻醉剂的动物在强迫交替T迷宫测试中均未受损，且社会识别功能完好。然而，接受联合麻醉的受试者在物体识别任务中表现出缺陷，而仅接受七氟醚治疗的受试者则未受影响。
与单独使用七氟醚相比，七氟醚与一氧化二氮联合麻醉导致了不同的行为结果，这表明同时使用多种麻醉剂可能会独特地影响早期神经和认知发展，并可能影响联想记忆。
