Wang Jing, Chen Jing, Lei Yi, Li Peng
aSchool of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian bSchool of Education Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Neuroreport. 2014 Sep 10;25(13):1044-8. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000226.
Previous studies have investigated how temporal discounting influences reward processing in the human brain; however, it remains unclear whether a short delay in presenting an outcome affects brain activity related to reward processing that is indexed by the two event-related potential components: the feedback error-related negativity (fERN) and P300 components. The present study used a revised simple gambling task and manipulated the waiting time before reward presentation. Behavioral data showed that participants did not respond differently between conditions; however, they reported more negative emotion under long-waiting conditions than under short-waiting conditions. Event-related potential results showed that fERN was not significantly different between the two conditions, whereas the short-waiting feedback elicited a notably larger P300 amplitude than the long-waiting feedback, particularly in frontal-central regions. The present study shows that P300, not fERN, reflects high-level motivated evaluation of waiting cost in such a decision-making task.
以往的研究调查了时间折扣如何影响人类大脑中的奖励处理；然而，尚不清楚呈现结果时的短暂延迟是否会影响与奖励处理相关的大脑活动，这一活动由两个事件相关电位成分来表征：反馈错误相关负波（fERN）和P300成分。本研究使用了一个修订后的简单赌博任务，并对奖励呈现前的等待时间进行了操控。行为数据表明，参与者在不同条件下的反应没有差异；然而，他们报告称，与短等待条件相比，长等待条件下的负面情绪更多。事件相关电位结果表明，两种条件下的fERN没有显著差异，而短等待反馈比长等待反馈诱发的P300波幅明显更大，尤其是在额中央区域。本研究表明，在这样的决策任务中，反映等待成本高级动机评估的是P300，而非fERN。
