Karakuła Hanna, Krukow Paweł, Kalinowska Joanna, Urbańska Anna, Stelmach Ewa, Kowal Agnieszka
Psychiatr Pol. 2013 Nov-Dec;47(6):1023-39.
Despite rapid development of research on social cognition (SC) impairments in schizophrenia, efforts are still made to generate new, broader theoretical models which include the neural network approach to those dysfunctions. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the structure of SC in patients with schizophrenia in comparison to healthy subjects.
The studied groups consisted of 55 subjects: 30 patients with paranoid schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria, and 25 control healthy subjects matched for age, gender and education to the clinical group. In order to assess processes of SC, a battery of tests was administered: Theory of Mind Picture Stories to assess theory of mind, trials "Faces" (from Ekman and Friesen's set of emotional expressions) and "Figures" (from the publication by Argyle) to evaluate recognition of emotions from facial and gesture expression. The methods included also an assessment of self-criticism (insight) relating to the subject's processes of SC.
The level of efficacy of SC was lower in the patients compared to the controls. In the clinical group, theory of mind was the most important factor for the overall level of SC and its impairments. There was inadequate, decreased patients' self-criticism regarding their execution of SC tests. The insight did not correlate with any other SC variables in the clinical group. In general, the group characterized by lower integration of social cognitive processes, also obtained lower scores in individual dimensions of SC.
The structure of social cognitive processes in schizophrenic group, unlike in healthy subjects, shows characteristics of generalized disintegration.
尽管精神分裂症社会认知（SC）障碍的研究发展迅速，但仍在努力构建新的、更广泛的理论模型，其中包括针对这些功能障碍的神经网络方法。本研究的目的是评估精神分裂症患者与健康受试者相比的SC结构。
研究组由55名受试者组成：30名符合DSM-IV标准的偏执型精神分裂症患者，以及25名在年龄、性别和教育程度上与临床组匹配的健康对照受试者。为了评估SC过程，进行了一系列测试：使用心理理论图片故事来评估心理理论，使用“面部”试验（来自埃克曼和弗里森的情感表达集）和“人物”试验（来自阿盖尔的出版物）来评估从面部和手势表达中识别情感。这些方法还包括对与受试者SC过程相关的自我批评（洞察力）的评估。
与对照组相比，患者的SC效能水平较低。在临床组中，心理理论是SC总体水平及其障碍的最重要因素。患者对其SC测试执行情况的自我批评不足且有所下降。在临床组中，洞察力与任何其他SC变量均无相关性。总体而言，社会认知过程整合程度较低的组在SC的各个维度上得分也较低。
与健康受试者不同，精神分裂症组的社会认知过程结构表现出普遍解体的特征。
