Gerhant Aneta, Olajossy Marcin, Olajossy-Hilkesberger Luiza
Psychiatr Pol. 2013 Nov-Dec;47(6):1101-11.
Infantile autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication, reciprocal social interaction and restricted repetitive behaviors or interests. Although the cause of these disorders is not yet known, studies strongly suggest a genetic basis with a complex mode of inheritance. The etiopathogenetic processes of autism are extremely complex, which is reflected in the varying course and its symptomatology. Trajectories of brain development and volumes of its structures are aberrant in autistic patients. It is suggested that disturbances in sertotoninergic, gabaergic, glutaminergic, cholinergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission can be responsible for symptoms of autism as well as can disturb the development of the young brain. The objective of this article is to present the results of reasearch on neuroanatomical, neurochemical and genetic aspects of autism.
小儿自闭症是一种神经发育障碍，其特征为沟通障碍、社交互动障碍以及局限的重复行为或兴趣。尽管这些障碍的病因尚不清楚，但研究强烈表明其具有复杂遗传模式的遗传基础。自闭症的病因发病过程极其复杂，这体现在其病程和症状表现的多样性上。自闭症患者的大脑发育轨迹及其结构体积存在异常。有人认为，血清素能、γ-氨基丁酸能、谷氨酰胺能、胆碱能和多巴胺能神经传递的紊乱可能导致自闭症症状，也可能干扰幼脑的发育。本文的目的是介绍关于自闭症神经解剖学、神经化学和遗传学方面的研究结果。
