Chrobak Adrian Andrzej, Soltys Zbigniew
Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa St. 9, Cracow, 30-387, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika St. 21A, Cracow, 31-501, Poland.
Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Mar;54(2):1156-1166. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9719-3. Epub 2016 Jan 26.
Bergmann glia (BG), a specific type of radial astrocytes in the cerebellum, play a variety of vital functions in the development of this structure. However, the possible role of BG in the development of abnormalities observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) seems to be underestimated. One of the most consistent findings observed in ASD patients is loss of Purkinje cells (PCs). Such a defect may be caused by dysregulation of glutamate homeostasis, which is maintained mainly by BG. Moreover, these glial cells are involved in long-term depression (LTD), a form of plasticity which can additionally subserve neuroprotective functions. The aim of presented review is to summarize the current knowledge about interactions which occur between PC and BG, with special emphasis on those which are relevant to the survival and proper functioning of cerebellar neurons.
伯格曼胶质细胞（BG）是小脑内一种特殊类型的放射状星形胶质细胞，在该结构的发育过程中发挥着多种重要功能。然而，BG在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）个体所观察到的发育异常中的可能作用似乎被低估了。在ASD患者中观察到的最一致的发现之一是浦肯野细胞（PCs）的丧失。这种缺陷可能是由谷氨酸稳态失调引起的，而谷氨酸稳态主要由BG维持。此外，这些神经胶质细胞参与长时程抑制（LTD），这是一种可塑性形式，还可以起到神经保护作用。本综述的目的是总结目前关于PC和BG之间相互作用的知识，特别强调那些与小脑神经元的存活和正常功能相关的相互作用。
